【摘要】 鉴于建立超塑性变形定量力学解析理论的重要性，从分析Backofen超塑性拉伸的本构方程出发，讨论了方程中的材料参数k和应变速率敏感性指数m的力学涵义。提出了恒应变ε、恒速度v和定载荷F三种典型变形路径条件下应变速率敏感性指数的规范测量公式。对每种变形路径又提出应变速率敏感性指数的传统测量方法和计算机模拟精确测量方法，并作了精度对比分析。给出了典型超塑Zn-5%A1合金在常态(18℃)和超塑状态(340℃)时三种变形路径下应变速率敏感性指数mε、mv和mF的实测结果。由于三者之间不但存在大的偏差，而且随ε的变化规律也各异。这就从试验上判明，即使在相同的应力状态下，应变速率敏感性指数也与变形路径密切相关。由此便向力学理论提出新的问题，要求从理论上解答偏差和变化规律不同的原因，进而揭示其力学本质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the importance of establishing the quantitative mechanical analysis th eory of superplastic deformation， the mechanical meanings of material paramete r k and strain-rate sensitivity index m in Backofen′s constitutive equa tion are discussed. The canonical measurement formulae and methods of m valu e under constant strain ε，constant velocity v and constant load F 3 typical deformation routes are given. Moreover， the precision of traditional measurement method is compared with that of computer simulation under each typical deformation route. Under the above deformation routes， the strain-rate sensitivity indexes mε，mv and mF of typical superplastic alloy Z n-5%A1 for room temperature (18℃) and superplastic state(340℃) are obtained by the experiments. The results indicate that there exist large deviation among mε，mv and mF， they have different variational rule with strain ra te Aε·G5 respectively. These prove that the strain-rate sensitivity in dex depends tightly on the deformation route from experiment， even on the condi tion that those stress-state are similar. So new problem emerges， it requires g iving the explanation in theory why there exist deviation and different variatio nal rule with strain rate respectively， and further disclose the mechanical ess ence of mε，mv and mF.更多还原