【摘要】 山东大豆品种从 5 0年代至 90年代历经 4次更新换代 ,单产增长了近 3倍。生产上应用的大豆品种株型性状向半矮秆紧凑型变迁。百粒重增加 6 .1 2g ,蛋白质含量有较大提高 ,抗倒性、稳产性明显增强 ,适应范围越来越广。抗病毒病已成为育成品种共性 ,少数品种已具有抗线虫、抗蛀荚虫的能力。高、低产品种的高产基因型性状特征有明显不同。中低产品种的高产基因型特征性状有株荚数、株高、株茎重、分枝数。株荚数对产量的贡献率达 5 0 .3%。产量较高品种的高产基因型性状有粒茎比、主茎节数、百粒重和株荚数。粒茎比对产量贡献率达 6 3.5 8%更多还原

【Abstract】 The soybean varieties in Shandong Province have been renewed four times since 50’s of the 20th century,and the yield per hactare has been increased about four times.The plant shape of wide applied soybean varieties has been improved to semi-dwarf and compact type.The one hundred-kernel weight has been increased by 6.12g,and the protein content has been widely raised.The capacity for anti-prostration and yield stability have been strengthened distinctively,and the adaptability is becoming wider and wider.All the applied varieties have the general character to resist virus,and some have the capacity to resist nematode and pod borer.The characteristics of high-yield genotype for high yield varieties are strikingly different from that for low yield varieties.The characters of high-yield genotype for middle and low yield varieties include pod number per plant,plant height,stalk weight per plant and branch number.Pod number per plant plays an important role in yield,with the contribution to yield about 50.3%.And the characters for high-yield varieties according to their contribution to grain yield are as follows:ratio of kernel weight to stalk weight,node number of main stalk,one hundred kernel weight and pod number per plant.Among them,the ratio of kernel weight to stalk weight plays an important role in yield,its contribution rate comes to 63.58%.更多还原