【摘要】 用化学共沉淀法在可控ｐＨ 值、添加剂和加氨水等条件下由ＮｉＳＯ４ 和ＮａＯＨ 反应结晶制备了氢氧化镍粉末。高性能的球形氢氧化镍颗粒系由带微孔的微晶组成的，其Ｘ 射线谱线呈各向异性宽化，其中（ ｈ０ｌ） 型谱线宽化最为严重。各向异性谱线宽化的性质与氢氧化镍中微晶结构特性有关（ 尤其是整个材料中存在着堆垛层错平面缺陷） 。通过Ｘ 射线衍射测量的微晶结构参数如微晶粒度、晶格常数ａ与ｃ 轴的大小以及（１００） 、（００１） 谱线强度等，可以用于建立其与制备工艺和电化学活性之间的关系。一般在较低的结晶度和（１００） 谱线强度下以及较大的ｃ 轴下可以获得较好的电化学活性更多还原

【Abstract】 A high performance nickel hydroxide, β Ni(OH) 2 powder was produced by chemical coprecipitating process using NiSO 4 and NaOH solution under highly controlled pH values and adding to agueous ammonia as a complexing agent.The apparently spherical Ni(OH) 2 particles consisted of many microcrystals and its diffraction patterns display anisotropic broadening,i.e. most of( h0l ) and ( 00l) type line broadening, a few of ( h00) type line broadening.The line broadening properties are closely related to the microcrystal orientation growth character in β Ni(OH) 2 preparation process.The utilization of the Ni(OH) 2 active mass in an alkaline storage battery could be correlated to the crystalline parameters of microcrystals as determined by X ray diffraction measurements,i.e.the smaller crystal size both in a and c direetions,the larger c lattice constant and the lower crystallinity led to the higher utilization ratio.更多还原