【摘要】 目的　探讨低水平铅暴露是否对儿童听觉发育产生影响。方法　分别采用石墨炉原子吸收法和肌电／ 诱发电位仪测定儿童血铅值以及脑干听觉诱发电位。比较低血铅组（ 血铅＜ ０ ．４８３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ） 和高血铅组（ 血铅≥０ ．４８３ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ） 之间脑干听觉诱发电位的潜伏期和波间期是否有差异。结果　有效样本８８ 例儿童中低血铅组４６ 例，血铅值０ ．１７ ～０ ．４５ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，平均０ ．３０ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。高血铅组４２例，血铅值０ ．５８ ～１ ．４２ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，平均０ ．７８ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。ｔ 检验结果表明，低血铅组和高血铅组的脑干听觉诱发电位测试中右耳Ⅲ波、左右耳Ⅴ波潜伏期、左右耳ⅠⅤ、左耳ⅢⅤ波间期差异有显著性。偏相关分析结果提示血铅与脑干听觉诱发电位的右耳Ⅲ波、左右耳Ⅴ波潜伏期及ⅠⅤ波间期存在正相关关系。协方差分析也表明高、低血铅组右耳Ⅲ波、左右耳Ⅴ波潜伏期、左右耳ⅠⅤ和右耳ⅢⅤ波间期差异有显著性，高血铅组比低血铅组的潜伏期和波间期延长。结论　血铅升高可能使脑干听觉诱发电位的潜伏期和波间期延长，使神经传导速度减慢，从而影响听觉系统发育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To determine if low lead exposure can influence auditory development in children. Methods Children were divided into two groups, i.e., low (<0.483 μmol/L) and high (≥0.483 μmol/L) blood lead levels with atomic spectrophotometry (AAS). Latencies and latent intervals between peak waves of their brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) in the two groups were measured and compared. Results There was positive correlation between blood lead levels and BAEP in wave Ⅲ at right ear, wave Ⅴ at both right and left ears and latent intervals between peak waves Ⅰ to V, with correlation coefficients of 0.299 1, 0.274 8, 0.324 8, 0.206 4 and 0.241 2, respectively. There was significant difference in latencies of wave Ⅲ at right ear, wave V at both right and left ears and latent intervals between peak waves Ⅰ to Ⅴ at both right and left ears and those between waves of Ⅲ to Ⅴ at right ear in the low blood lead group. Latencies and latent intervals between peak waves were longer in the high blood level group (with a mean of 0.78 μmol/L and a range of 0.58 to 1.42 μmol/L) than those in the low one (with a mean of 0.30 μmol/L and a range of 0.17 to 0.45 μmol/L). Conclusion Elevated blood lead level could cause prolongation of latencies and latent intervals between peak waves of BAEP and slowdown of the nerve conduction velocity, and so auditory development was influenced.更多还原