【摘要】 随机地选自一组非正交的量子态不可能通过幺正过程精确克隆．但是如果把幺正演化和选择性测量过程结合起来，则可以以一定的概率精确地克隆上述输入态．文章简述了概率克隆研究的最新进展，并指出它和量子态认证之间的密切联系更多还原

【Abstract】 Nonorthogonal quantum states cannot be faithfully cloned by a unitary evolution. However, a combination of the unitary evolution together with a measurement can yield faithful copies of nonorthogonal input states, with a postselection of the measurement results. We trace recent advances in the field of probabilistic quantum cloning, and point out its close connection with the problem of identification of a set of states.更多还原