【摘要】 利用对芳香碳有高选择性转化能力的钌离子催化氧化法研究了减压渣油中轻、中、重胶质和戊烷沥青质的化学结构，定量测定了与芳香环相连的正构烷基侧链和桥链的分布，并讨论了芳香环系的缩合型式。结果表明， 这些石油重质组分中均存在碳数为Ｃ１ ～Ｃ３０ 的与芳香环相连的正构烷基侧链， 其摩尔浓度随链长的增加而下降；也存在由正构烷基桥连接的至少具有两个芳香环系的芳香性分子；在芳香结构中存在着渺位缩合、迫位缩合以及联苯型结构， 其中联苯型结构较少； 从轻胶质、重胶质到戊烷沥青质， 与芳香环相连的正构烷基侧链浓度有所下降，迫位缩合的芳香环系结构增加；戊烷沥青质中以迫位缩合的芳香环系结构为主，胶质组分中渺位缩合与迫位缩合的芳香环系结构各占相当比例。不同油源的胶质、戊烷沥青质在与芳香碳相连的正构烷基侧链的分布以及芳香环系的缩合程度方面表现出一些差别。更多还原

【Abstract】 Structural characterization of light,medium and heavy resin subfractions and pentane asphaltenes in vacuum residua was undertaken by using ruthenium ions catalyzed oxidation (RICO),which selectively converts aromatic carbons to carbon dioxide and/or carboxylic acids while leaving aliphatic and naphthenic structures essentially unaffected.The distribution of n alkyl chains and bridges connected to aromatic rings was quantified.The condensation mode of aromatic structure was also discussed.Results show that resin subfractions and pentane asphaltenes have abundant n alkyl chains(C 1～C 30 ) attached to aromatic carbons.The molar concentrations of these n alkyl groups are declined with the increase of chain length.The aromatic molecules which consist of at least two aromatic ring systems connected by polymethylene bridges are also present.Cata condensed,peri condensed and biphenyl type aromatic unit structures coexist in resins subfractions and pentane asphaltenes,while the proportion of biphenyl type structure is relatively small.From light resins,medium resins,heavy resins to pentane asphaltenes,the concentration of n alkyl chain attached to aromatic carbon decreases and the proportion of peri condensed aromatic rings increases.The aromatic structure of pentane asphaltenes is mainly peri condensed,while for resins the proportion of cata condensed and peri condensed aromatic structures is comparable.Resins and pentane asphaltenes with different origins show some differences in the distribution of n alkyl chains linked to aromatic carbon and the condensation degree of aromatic rings.更多还原