【摘要】 为了观察蒿甲醚预防性血吸虫感染的效果，1994年8-10月，在湖南省益阳市濒临洞庭湖南岸的洲垸型血吸虫病流行区明朗村，全村受试村民先服单剂吡喹酮（40－50mg／kg）治疗，然后随机分为2组，1组（蒿甲醚组）口服蒿甲醚作预防性治疗，8月下旬开始每半个月口服1剂蒿甲醚（mg／kg），共服4次；另1组（对照组）口服剂型相同的安慰剂，末次给药后25－32d作粪检复查。结果蒿甲醚组365人的粪检血吸虫卵阳性率为5．5％，每克粪便虫卵数（EPG）为122±79（n＝9），无急性血吸虫病发生，对照组人群（376人）的粪检血吸虫卵阳性率为13．6％，EPG为618±909（n＝19），有2例急性血吸虫病发生。口服蒿甲醚无药物反应，对肝、肾功能无影响。初步结果表明，口服蒿甲醚预防性治疗可明显减低血吸虫的感染率和感染度，并可能防止急性血吸虫病的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 From August to October 1994, a field trial of preventive treatment with artemether (Art) was carried out in Minglang District of Yiyang City, Hunan Province, an islet with embankment type endemic area nearby southern Donting Lake region. The residents who frequently contacted with the infested water were selected for study and allocated to the Art group and the control group in reference to paired methods of randomization table. About one month before administration of Art, all residents under study were examined by stool hatching technique after nylon-bag concentration to determine the infection rate of each group, and then treated with praziquante1 at a single dose of 40 mg/kg in stool egg-negative residents and 50 mg/kg in stool egg-positive ones. In Art group, the first dose of 6 mg/kg was given in late August, followed by repeated dosing every 15 days for 3 times. Placebo (starch) was given to the study residents in the control group at the same time as in Art group. The efficacy was evaluated by stool examination 25 - 32 days after the last medication. The results showed that after the preventive administration of Art, 2O out of 365 study residents in Art group revealed stool positive with an infection rate of 5. 5%, while in the control group 51 out of 376 study residents showed stool positive with an infection rate of 13. 6%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Meantime, two cases of acute schistosomiasis were seen in the control group, but none was observed in Art group. The egg per gram of feces (EPG) determined with the Kato-Katz method was 122±79 (range 12-192) in Art group and 681 ± 909 (range 12-2 760) in the control group. No apparent adverse side effect was seen during the treatment with Art, and no abnormal change in liver and renal function was detected after the last medication. The preliminary study indicates that application of the preventive administration of Art in the endemic area during the transmission season may effectively reduce both the infection rate and intensity of schistosomiasis.更多还原