【摘要】 本文观察和总结了青藏高原蒿草属植物繁育系统的基本特点，并对其特别功能及其进化与适应意义进行了讨论。嵩草属植物具有两个显著的繁殖特点：发达的地下根茎营养繁殖系统和兼性的次级有性恢复系统。各类杂交、突变与染色体各种型式的变化在蒿草属植物中总是同营养繁殖同时存在的；发达的地下根茎营养繁殖系统不仅具有繁殖、传播扩散、占领新生态位的功能，而且还具有使高度适应性的类群或杂种复合类群保持高度纯系性和稳定性，使其优越的遗传基因组合型不至于在有性生殖过程中被破坏或丢失的优势。兼性的次级有性恢复系统使高度适应性和进化性的单纯群在次级遗传生态学过程中转变为有性可育，进一步加强了筛选和甑别适应与进化优秀基因的良性循环。蒿草属植物的繁殖系统蕴藏着极大的居群生态学、遗传生态学和环境适应机制，使蒿草属植物的进化潜力得到了极大的发挥。嵩草属植物具有的这种特殊繁育系统是在对青藏高原环境变化的长期适应中获得的更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper observes and summarizes the reproductive characters in Kobresia and discusses the significances of functions,evolutions and adaptions of the special reproductive systems in Kobresia.There are two distinct reproductive characters in Kobresia:Main vegetative reproduction system through the rhizomes and secondary facultative system through restoring sexual reproduction. Vegetation always coexists and may results from hybridization, mutation and aneuploidy of chromosomes.Not only does the vegetative system through rhizomes have the functions of reproduction,dispersion and occupying new niches, but also can reserve purity and stability of the population and complex with high adaptations and make the best genetic recombination retain.Secondary facultative system makes vegatative population partly restore sexual producfion and farther reinforces the cycles of selecting excellent genetic recombinations.The reproductive systems in Kobtesia have important mechanisms in population ecology,genetic ecology and adaptation to environment,which make evolutionary potentialities of Kobtesia to be fully developed.The special reproductive systems in Kobtesia are guessed to acquire from the long adaptation to the environmental variations in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.更多还原