【摘要】 于美国华盛顿州Ｔａｃｏｍａ冶炼厂下风区４．０－７．５，１３－１４，２１ｋｍ处分别采集土壤剖面和植物样品，分析其Ｈｇ含量。虽然该厂１９８５年已停产，但其释放Ｈｇ的影响依然存在。在４．０－７．５ｋｍ地区，６个土壤剖面表层土的Ｈｇ量为２１ｋｍ处的１０－１５倍；在１３－１４ｋｍ地区为２１ｋｍ处的５－１０倍。华旗松、红桤木和黑莓叶中的Ｈｇ在不同地区无明显差异，但近距离在菌耳和地衣中的Ｈｇ分别为２１ｋｍ处为１．５和５倍，在１３－１４ｋｍ地区菌耳中Ｈｇ和２１ｋｍ处无差异，但地衣中的Ｈｇ则较２１ｋｍ处高出１倍。这说明菌类植物对Ｈｇ有较强的累积能力。用０．１ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）ＣａＣｌ＿２浸提表层土壤的Ｈｇ均低于仪器的检测限，这与土壤有机质和Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ氧化物高对Ｈｇ的固定有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 AbstractThis study was conducted in the forested area downwind from the Taco-ma, Washington American Smelting and Refining Company （ASARCO）smelter to evaluate the level and distribution of Hg in soils and plants.Soil and plants’ samples w ere collected from 12 sites. Six sites are 40 kmto 7.5 km from the smelter, three are 13-14 km aw ay and the other threeare over 21 km, Analysis of data indicated higher mercury levels in surfacehorizons of six near sites and the three middle sites are about 10 to 15 ti-mes ands to 10 times higher respectively than the mean level was found atthe three far sites five years after the smelter closed. No differences ofHg level were found in Douglas-fir needle, red alder leaves and blackberryleaves at any distances. However Hg content in fungi was about 1.5 timeshigher and in lichens about times higher at near sites than sites over 21km aw ay. In the sites 13-14 km away, Hg content in fungi was no differ-ent from far site,and was 2times higher in licliens. The higher Hg levelindicates fungi and licliens might have a stronger ability to accumulate Hgthan trees. The concentration of available Hg in surface horizons, extractedby 0.1mol,L￣（-1） CaCl₂, was very low or was not detected. This is possiblyrelated with the high organic matter,Fe and M n oxides content in the for-est soils.The Role of the WaSte Water Disposed from the Amino Acid Factory in Impro-ving the Purple Dryland Ecosystem.Ch en Yuchen g et al.（Southwest Agricult-ural University, Chongqing 630700）,Agro-environmental Protection, 1995,14（ 2 ）: 62-66, 96The simulated experiments w ere conducted to determine the role of wastewater disposed from the Amino Acid Factory in improving the purple dr-yland ecosystem. The field investigation and analysis results showed thefertility , drought resistance, and erosion resistance of the purple soils ir-rigated with the waste water had been enhanced considerably. Noticeably,the harms such as the accumulation of the Cl- and salt and the increase ofthe activities of the certain heavy metals were observed in the experiments.更多还原