【摘要】 本文报导贵州省不同海拔地区稻田主要杂草发生种类,发生期,发生量,群落组成以及14种稻田主要杂草对水稻产量的影响。经调查:贵州省稻田主要杂草有34科45属105种,其中低海拔地区有30科79种,中海拔地区有29科72种,高海拔地区有29科69种;杂草于水稻移栽后5天开始发生,低中海拔地区杂草出现两个发生高峰期,但中海拔地区第二个高峰期不显著,高海拔地区只出现一个发生高峰期;杂草群落组成随稻田类型(高榜田、坝子田、滥泥田、泡冬田)不同而有所变化,主要群落组成为阔叶杂草(鸭舌草、矮慈菇、眼子菜)——莎草科杂草(牛毛毡、野荸荠)——禾本科杂草(稗草、游草)——沉水生杂草(藻类);14种稻田主要杂草使水稻减产率分别为7～50％(10株/m~2);5.3％丁西颗粒剂防除稻田主要杂草,经1430余公顷大面积示范,防除效果可达90％以上,水稻增产幅度为5％左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reports about species, occurence periods, amount, community composition of weeds and the influence of 14 major weeds on rice yield in paddy field in Gui Zhou. An investigation showed. There were 105 species weeds in paddy field belong to 34 families 45 genera. In them, including 79 species of 30 families, 72 species of 28 families, 69 species of 29 families in paddy field at lower elevation, middle elevation, high elevation rigions respectively. The first group of weeds appeared after 5 days of transplanting. There were two peaks of weeds occurence period at lower elevation area, the second peak was not significant at middle elevation area and there was only one peak at high elevation area. The weeds community was different in various kinds of field (terrace-field, basin-field, basin-field, mad-field, winter submerged field) . The major community composition of weeds was broadleafed (Monochoria vag-inalis, sagittaria pygmaea, potamogeton distinctus) , sedges (Eleocharis yokoscensis, Eleoch-arls plantagineifomis) , grasses (Echioocholia crusgalli, Leersia hexandra) , under water weeds (alge) ; The yield decrease caused by 14 major weeds were 7-50% (10 plants/m2) .The demonstration on over 1430 hm2 showed that the efficiency were more than 90% and the yield increased about 5% by using 5.3% butachor-simetryne G.更多还原