【摘要】 本文于公主岭以大豆吉林3号品种为材料对大豆鼓粒及其与农业气象条件的关系进行了研究。 大豆鼓粒有三个明显时期:鼓粒初期,籽粒形成时期;鼓粒中期,籽粒主要增长时期;鼓粒后期,籽粒脱水成熟时期。从开始鼓粒日期迄止于最高干物重出现之间的日数为大豆鼓粒期长度。 大豆鼓粒时期籽粒鲜重、个重、含水量与体积均有一定的变化规律。干物重的变化与时间呈直线关系;鲜重和含水量的变化均与时间呈抛物线趋势。 气温、降水量、20cm土壤相对湿度等农业气象条件对大豆鼓粒都有直接影响。大豆鼓粒期间旬平均气温低于19.0℃,降水量少于30mm,20cm土壤相对湿度低于20.0％,会妨碍大豆正常鼓粒,大豆鼓粒中期最忌低温和干旱。8月下旬是吉林省中部地区大豆鼓粒的气候生态关键期。在大豆鼓粒中期少雨的年份要及时进行灌溉,才能保证大豆高产稳产。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soybean filling and relationships with study on agrometeorlogical conditions were conducted with soybean cultivars Jilin No. 3,in Gongzhuling. The experimental results showed that there are three clear stages in soybean seed filling which are beginning stage the seed formation stage, middle stage, the main stage of soybean seed development, and later stage, the dehydration and maturity stage. Number of days form the beginning of soybean seed filling to the highest dry matter content occurence in the duration of soybean seed filling.During soybean seed filling, the fresh weight, dry weight, water content and seed volume change under a regular rule. The relationship between the change of dry weight and time is linear, and the relationship between water content or fresh weight and time is parabola.Agrometeorogical conditions, such as air temperature, precipitation and relative humidity in 20 cm layer of surface soil, all directly influence soybean seed filling. If the ten-day’s mean temperatire is below 19. Oc, precipitation is less than 30 mm and the relative humidity of 20 cm layer of surface soil of ten -day is below 20. 0%, soybean seed normal filling would be hampered.Low temperatures and drought must be avoided in the middle .stage of soybean seed filling. Late August in Central part of Jilin province is the key stage of meteological con-dition for soybean seed filling. It is necessary for the middle stage of soybean seed filling to irrigation in less rainfall years.更多还原