【摘要】 本实验共用240只1日龄健康雏鸡,分别于14,14和28日龄点眼滴鼻接种 Lasota 疫苗,在免疫后不同时期,采取实验鸡血液、泪液、肠液、气管液和胆汁、脾脏、法氏囊、胸腺、盲肠扁桃体、丕氏斑、十二指肠及哈德尔腺、支气管,检测了相应的 IgG,IgA,IgM 和 HI 滴度。T,B 细胞数量和功能,淋巴细胞数量以及浆细胞和酸性α-萘酚酯酶阳性 T 细胞(ANAE~+T)数量的动态变化。实验结果,雏鸡免疫后,脾脏、法氏囊和胸腺中 ANAR~+T 细胞与浆细胞显著增加,消化道和呼吸道相关局部免疫组织中的浆细胞、ANAE~+T 细胞数量也明显上升;与此相应,血液 T 细胞和脾脏 B 细胞免疫功能显著增强;血液 T,B 细胞、淋巴细胞数量显著升高;血清、泪液、气管液、胆汁和肠液中的 IgG,IgA,IgM 含量和 HI 滴度均程度不同地增加。免疫鸡脾脏、盲肠扁桃体和丕氏斑的淋巴小结数量增多,直径增大。这些表明免疫鸡不仅全身和局部的体液免疫反应,而且其细胞免疫应答也显著增强。雏鸡新城疫二免后,其免疫器官和局部免疫组织的浆细胞和 ANAE~+T 细胞进一步增多,血液 T 细胞和脾脏 B 细胞免疫功能也增强;血液 T 细胞。B 细胞与淋巴细胞数及 IgG,IgA,IgM含量和 HI 滴度程度不等地增加;泪液、气管液、肠液和胆汁的前述指标均升高,说明雏鸡 ND二免产生了显著的体液免疫和细胞免疫增强作用。新城疫强毒攻击后,对照鸡免疫器官组织和相应体液中的免疫指标均明显降低。呈现全身和局部免疫机能衰竭,全部死亡。与此相反,二免鸡免疫应答水平进一步提高,明显优于一免鸡,获得可靠的免疫保护,这与其显著增强的全身和局部细胞免疫和体液免疫反应密切相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 240 one-day-old healthy chickens were ocularnasally inoculated with Lasota vaccine at14,14 and 28 days old,respectively.At different periods of postvaccination,the blood,tear,trachea washings,intestinal fluids and bile,spleen,Bursa of Fabricius,thymus,cecal tonsil,Peyer’s patch and duodenum as well as Harder gland,bronchus of experimental chickens werecollected to determine the dynamic changes of the contents of IgG,IgM,IgA and HI titre,thenumber of T and B cells and lymphocytes,the immune function of T and B cells along withthe numbers of plasmacytes and acid a-naphthyl acetate esterase positive T Lymphocytes(ANAE~+T),respectively.The experimental results are as follows.After the immunization of chickens,the plasmacytes and ANAE~+T cells increasedsignificantly in the Bursa of Fabricius,spleen and thymus.There were also marked increase ofplasmacytes and ANAE~+T in the local immune tissues of the respiratory and digestive tracts,compared with those of control chickens.Meanwhile,the immune fuctions of T cells in theblood and B cells in the spleen of vaccinated chickens were remarkably potentiated,the con-tents of IgG,IgM,IgA and HI titre rose in various degrees in the blood,trachea washings,bile and intestinal fluids;so did the number of T and B cells and lymphocytes in the blood,The number and diameter of lymph nodules mounted in the spleen,cecal tonsil and Peyer’spatch of immunized chickens.These indicated that not only the humoral immune responsebut the celluar immune response of chickens were significantly enhanced systemically and lo-cally by the ND immunization. The ND revaccination of chickens elicited the further increase of plasmacytes andANAE~+T cells in the immune organs and local immune tissues of digestive and respiratorytracts,induced the potentiation of immune functions of T cells in the blood and B cells in thespleen.It was observed that there occurred different increases of T and B cells andlymphocytes in the blood,the contents of IgG,IgM and IgA rose in varying degrees in theintestinal fluids and bile,in the tear,trachea washings and blood in which HI titres were alsopromoted,in comparison with those of once-immunized chickens.These demonstrated thatthe second ND vaccination produced significant humoral and cellular immunoenhancement.With the challenge exposure to virulent ND virus(VNDV),plasmacytes and ANAE~+Tcells significantly decrease in the immune organs and local immune tissuse of the controlchickens,so did the numbers of T and B cells and lymphocytes as well as the contens of IgG,IgM and IgA in the blood.The considerable reduction of IgA,IgG and IgM appeared in thebile,intestinal fluids,tear and trachea washings of control chickens which manifested the fail-ure of systemic and local immune functions and succumbed to the infection of VNDV.On thecontrary,the revaccinated chickens exhibited the further increase of the level of immune re-sponses which are evidently superior to those of once-immunized chickens, and gained com-plete immunoprotection against ND.This was closely correlated with the remarkableenhancement of systemic and local immunity,including the humoral and cellular immune re-sponses.更多还原