【摘要】 1987—1989年在人工模拟降雨室对123个小麦品种进行了成熟期穗发芽抗性鉴定。重点研究了13个品种的穗发芽率、籽粒发芽率、籽粒含水量,籽粒吸水速率和α-淀粉酶活性的动态变化。并通过6个抗性不同品种的双列杂交,初步探讨了穗发芽抗性的遗传特点。结果表明:红粒品种普遍抗穗发芽,但白粒品种中也存在不少抗源;开花后35—40天是鉴定穗发芽抗性的适宜时期;这个对期的仔粒吸水速率阳α-淀汾酶活性是抗性鉴定的可靠指标;穗发芽抗性是遗传性状,存在母、子体抗性因子互作效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was carried out on the Northwest Agricultural University Farm in 1937—1989. A preharvest sprouting test was applied to 123 winter wheat (T. aestivum L.) cultivars to determine the resistance to sprouting in a mist chamber in 1987—1988. A specific study on the percentage of sprouting and germination, grain water content and its uptake rate and α-amylase activity was done during grain development. A 6×6 diallel was made to probe into the inheritance of the resistance to preharvest sprouting. The results are as following: (1) Red-grained wheats are generally resistant to sprou- ting, some white-grained ones such as Fengchan 3 and Peck are also resistant. (2) During 35 to 40 days after anthesis is a reasonable stage to identify the sprouting resistance because of the maximum percentage of sprouting or germination. (3) Grain water uptake rate and α-amylase activity can be used as selection criteria for sprouting resistance. (4) The inheritance of sprouting showed that the interaction of resistant factors exists in maternal organs (chaff, pericarp, seedcoat, etc) and offspring ones (embryo, endosperm, etc).更多还原