【摘要】 选用水稻理想株型、披散株型和直立株型的代表品种6个,在南京、太湖和淮北3个试点中等肥力的栽培条件下,研究了理想株型品种的生产潜力及其相关特性。水稻理想株型品种（生育前期叶片弯披,株型松散,中后期叶片挺直,株形紧凑）亩产在528-667公斤,披散株型品种在422-508公斤,直立株型品种在370-443公斤。理想株型品种生育前期上位三叶夹角在15-30度,曲率在0.02-0.04cm^-1,叶片弯倾,能截取较多的光能,利于形成较大的叶面积和生物产量。中后期在生物群体较大的情况下,上层叶片挺直,叶片夹角在15度左右,曲率小于0.01cm^-1,基部消光系数在0.7-0. 8,群体光照分布合理,利于光能的充分利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Studies on yielding potential and related characteristics of rice ideotype were made with six varieties of ideotype, curve-slant and erect plant types in three regions.At the middle level of soil fertility, the ideotype rice showed the highest yielding potential （528-677kg/mu）, higher than that of the curve-slant plant type （422 508kg/mu） and the erect plant type rice （370-443kg/mu）. The ideotype rice could capture more light and grew rapidly during the early stage,and the upper leaves grew erect (leaf angle about 15°, curvature<0.01cm^-1), the coefficient of light extinction （K） grew in a lower speed （K=0.7-0.8 at heading stage） during the middle and late stages, which was benefit of increasing the optimal leaf area index, holding more photosynthetic organs and improving illumination condition of the middle and lower leaves, thus the leaf seneseence rate was reduced. From the viewpoint of rice population, the ideotype rice should be: leaves erect on the upper part, bend on the middle and horizantal on the lower part, the efficiency of light utilization was high. The ideotype rice with short leaves, should maintain leaf area through increasing the leaf width （by 15%-35%）,the leaves should be thin （SLW=2.9-3.8mg/cm²） to increase the development ability of leaf area during the early growing period and turn deepened （SLW=4.4-4.5mg/cm²） to control leaf area and increase the quality of leaf photosynthesis during the middle to late periods. It is necessary to find out a morphology index which could be used to evaluate leaf morphology in terms of leaf length, width and curvature. For any variety, the optimal LAI could be determined by the leaf morphology index, finally, the yielding potential could be made out by the optimal LAI and leaf photosynthesis ability.更多还原