【摘要】 本文以兴安落叶松自然分布区内16个种源8a生于代的生长、形态和适应性、抗性等性状为材料,采用方差分析,相关分析,趋势面分析等方法,研究了兴安落叶松种内地理变异的规律与模式。经向偏东,纬向偏南的小兴安岭东南部种源具有生长快,适应性强,枝叶茂盛的特点,呈现明显的经向为主,纬向为辅,经纬双向连续渐变;利用筛选的各类特征的代表性状与主要气候因子的逐步回归,分析结果表明:影响兴安落叶松种源子代变异的主要因素是水份和气温,休现了种源子代综合性状与气候因子的高度适应,反映了干湿、冷暖气候生态的变化模式。文中还根据生长性状及综合指数的选择结果,提出了帽儿山林区及毗邻地区的最佳种源为友好、乌伊岭种源。并据各类特征代表性状的PCA结果将全部参试点(16个)的兴安落叶松种源划分为四大类群(种源组):即大兴安岭北部种源组;大兴安岭中南部种源组;大小兴安岭过渡种源组和小兴安岭东南部种源组。并以小兴安岭东南部种源组为最佳种源组(包括友好、乌伊岭和鹤北种源)。更多还原

【Abstract】 This papar concerns data from eight year Progeny of 16 provenances of Larix gmelinii within the natural distribution area, which includes the growth, morphology, adaptability and resistance characteristics etc. The rules and patterns of interspecific geographic variation of Larix gmeilinii have been studied by using variance analysis, correlation analysis and response surface analyis and so on. The provenances from the southeast part of the Lesser Xingan M. have the nature of fast-growing, strong adaptability, rich branches and leaves; It present a dual way cline. which regards longitude as domimant, and latitude as supplement. On the basis of stepwise regression between representative characteristics that selected from all kinds of the characteristics and main climate factors, it demostrates that water and temperature are the main factors to affect the provenance variation of Larix gmeilinii, which embody a high adaptation between the presentative characteristics of the provenance progeny and climate fators and reflect a pattern of dry-moisture and celd-warat change. By means of the selection of growth characteristics and index, it gives the optimal provenances in Liangshui and its neighbourhood, which is Youhao and Wuyiling provenances. Based on PCA to the representative characteristics from 16 provenance trials of Larix grnelinii, four groups (Provenance, group) have been made, which is the provenance group in the north part of the Great Xingan M.; the group in the middle south part of the Great Xingan M.; The transition group between the Great Xingan M. and Lesser Xingan M. as well as the group in the southeast part of the Lesser Xingan M. The optimal group is the provenances in the southeast part of the Lesser Xingan M. (including Youhao, Wuyiling and Haobei provenances).更多还原