【摘要】 本文用单十四烷基磷酸酯（P-538,H₂RPO₄）分别和 PMBP、MiBK、DMSO、TBP、P-204 或 P-507组成的混合萃取剂的氯仿溶液,处理层析纸作为固定相,硫酸溶液用作展开剂,研究对稀土元素的协萃效应及其与非稀土元素的分离,实验表明二元异类协萃体系中,以 PMBP 的协萃效应最为显著,MiBk 和 DMSO 几无协萃效应,而 TBP 对 P-538萃取稀土有反协萃效应。二元同类协萃体系中,P-204的协萃效应较 P-507的好。根据协萃图的最高点提出协萃物的可能组成为 Ln（PMBP）₃·3P-538和 Ln（HRPO₄）₃·3H₂RPO₄·（2-3）P-204。测定了稀土及 UO₂²⁺、Th⁴⁺、Sc³⁺、Al³⁺、Fe³⁺、Cu²⁺、Hg²⁺、Pb²⁺等八种金属离子在0.325 mol/LH₂SO₄溶液中展开时的 R_F 值,除 Fe³⁺、Al³⁺外,其它金属离子都能获得良好的分离.更多还原

【Abstract】 Reversed-phase paper chromatographic technique was used for study on the synergistic effect and separation of rare earth elements.The chromatographic paper strips were treated with a solution consisted of monomyristyl phosphoric acid（P-538）and some synergistic reagents in chloroform as the stationary phase.The reagents investigated in this paper were MIBK,DMSO,P-204 and P-507.Sulfuric acid was used as the developer. PMBP and P-204 both give a synergistic effect with P-538,probably it is due to the fact that the acidity of these two reagents is close to each other.But an antagonistic effect given by the TBP system can be explained in terms of the decreasing effective concentrations of TBP and P-538 due to the association between them in the organic phase.On the other hand,the magnitude of the synergistic enhancement is relatively small for the systems containing MIBK,DMSO or P-507 under the same experimental conditions.The compositions of the synergistic adducts obtained from the molar ratio of the maximum point of the synergistic curves are proposed as Ln（HRPO₄）₃·3H₂RPO₄·（2-3）P-204 and Ln（PMBP）₃·3P-538. Finally the separation of Th⁴⁺,Uo₂²⁺,Cu²⁺,Hg²⁺ and Pb²⁺ from Ln were carried out by the P-538 and PMBP system with success.On the other hand,the separation of Fe³⁺ and Al³⁺ will be difficultly due to their R_F is located among that of Ln elements.更多还原