【摘要】 本文是1987年7—8月中法联合调查中国东北部针叶树种实害虫的初步结果,所调查地区有:黑龙江省小兴安岭的五营自然保护区、丰林林业局的母树林、东北林业大学凉水自然保护区;内蒙古大兴安岭的乌尔旗汗和库都尔人工,天然落叶松母树林以及黑龙江省植物园和东北林业大学哈。尔滨林场所调查树种有:兴安落叶松、红松、樟子松、黑松、红皮云杉、鱼鳞云杉及白皮冷杉。在球果内共发现15种害虫及其被害状,其中最主要的为害落叶松球果的Lasiomma属种类,落叶松球果被害率可达42—95％;其次是落叶松球果小卷蛾,球果被害率达6—2O％;第三位是球果螟,球果被害率达4—8％。 还发现冷杉球果花蝇[L.abietis(Huckett)]和冷杉球果小卷蛾(Barbara herrichiana Obraztsov),它们是我国的新记录。更多还原

【Abstract】 I. INTRODUCTIONThe Northeast Forestry University invited Chairman of "cone and seed insects working party", IUFRO, Dr. Alain Roques from INRA,France,here in China make some survey of cone and seed insects in conifer forests in Northeast Clina in cooperation with Prof. Fang.The survey has included the following areas: Wuying Natural Reserve,seed forest of Fenglin Forest Bureau,Liangshui Natural Reserve of Northeast Forestry University in Xiaoxingan Mountains;artificial and natural seed forests of larch in Wurjihan and Kuduer in Daxingan Mountains,and also Botanical Garden of Heilongjiang Province and Harbin Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University.The tree species surveyed are: Larix gmelinii, Pinus koraiensis, P. sylvestris var.mongolica,P.thumbergii,Picea koraiensis, P.jezoensis and Abies nephroletis.Larvae of several species of Tortricidae, Pyralidae, Cecidomyiidae,Eurytoma etc. were found in he damaged cones and damaged cones of Lasicmma.Some Specimens can only be ideutified to genus ar family.The result of the survey will be published is English and Chinese. Ⅱ. METHOD OF SURVEYWe examined cone-bearing trees of several conifer species, and collected ten cones from every sample tree,then cut the cones and examine the damage. Ten sample trees are chosen in every stands and the species, height of trees,amount of cones and the position of collected cones were recorded. Each damage was described and the species and amount of insects were recorded in order to be computer-analyzed.Ⅲ.RESULT OF THE SURVEYWe have got the percentage of damage of cone insects in larch, and the list of cone and seed insects in other conifer species. In these species,it was impossible to collect enough cones, so the percentage of cone damage were not calculated. The list of the pest insect species in regard to tree species is as follows.In cone of Pinus kcraiensis was found:larvae of Dioryctria abietella (Denis and Schifferm(?)ller), larvae of Cecidomyiidae, adult of Fitycgenes chalcographus, larvae of Lonchaidae.In cone of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica was found:damage of Dioryctria sp.In cone of Pinus thunbergii was found:larvae of Cecidomyiidae.In cone of Picea jezoensis was found: larvae of Cydia strobilella,larvae of Megastigmus sp.In cone Picea koraiensis was found: larvae of Dioryetria abietella(Denis and Schifferm(?)ller), larvae of Cecidomyiidae, damage of Lcsicmma anthracinum (Czerny), larvae of Cydia strobilella (L.), larvae of Megastigmns sp., larvae of Lonchaidae.In cone of Abies nephrolepis was found: damage of Lasiomma abietis (Huckctt), larvae of Dioryeria abietella (Denis and Schifferm(?)ller),larvae of Gecidomyiidae (2 species), larvae of Earbara spo (my-be B.herrichiana Obr. or B. fulgens V.I. Kuznetsov), larvae of Lonchaidae.In Cone of Larix gmelinii was found: 1. damage of Lasiomma spp. and dt; 2. L. laricicola (Karl);3.larvae of Retinia perangustana Snell;4. larvae of Dioryctria abietella (Denis and Schifferm(?)ller); 5. larvae of Eurytcma laricis Yano;6. larvae of Cecidomyiidae(* small amount) and the percentage of damage of larch cone (％) by these insects (see Table 1.) From the Table 1. we can know that, the damage of larch cone pests is grave. Among the pests, cone magot is in the first place, the cone damaged rate can be up to 42--95% in large area larch stand. The second is larch cone moth, the cone damaged rate is 6--20％. The third is pine shoot borer, and the cone damaged rate is 4--8％.The last one is gall midge and the cone damaged rate can be up to 17％, because its larva is small, its damage is not grave, it can make seeds rotten. The species discussed above usually take place to accompany the other or to follow one after another, result in the damage degree more serious.Ⅳ. PROBLEMS DISCUSSION1. We recorded six species of cone magot before, they are: Lasicmma laricicoIa (Karl), L. baicaIense Elberg, L. anthracinum (Czerny), L. melania melaniola Fan, L. infrequens Ackland and L. luteoforceps Fan et Fang. The species of cone magot above were identified by the genital structure of male adults before, but th更多还原