【摘要】 雄性Wistar大鼠55只分为4组,观察实验性铅中毒肾脏的病变,Ⅰ组10只,以2％醋酸铅腹腔注射,染毒3周后处死;Ⅱ和Ⅲ组各15只,分别以0.5％和2％醋酸铅饲料口服3个月;Ⅳ组15只为对照组。后3组均于实验后2周,1月及3月各处死5只。光镜检查:大鼠肾近曲管上皮细胞核内见伊红色边界清楚的核内包函体、口服3月组大鼠肾可见近曲小管上皮萎缩、灶性纤维组织曾生;集合管及远曲管腔内有较多灰黄色无定形结晶状沉淀物。电镜观察:肾近曲小管上皮细胞核内可见包函体、呈圆形或椭圆形,有致密浓染的核心,周围为纤维丝状结构;近曲小管上皮细胞中线粒体肿胀、溶酶体增多。此外,尚可见髓样小体,有的镶嵌于核膜的皱折内,形成假包函体。近曲小管上皮细胞浆及管腔内尚可见电子密度深的无定形物质。作者认为铅在大鼠中所引起的肾脏病理改变,早期为曲管上皮细胞浆内细胞器的变性及核内包函体形成。核内包函体数量随染毒时间延长而增多。肾单位萎缩、纤维化和集合管及远近曲管腔内无定形结晶均为后期病变。更多还原

【Abstract】 Investigation of lead-induced renal changes has been done using rats as the experimental animals. The 55 Wistar male rats were divided into 4 groups. Group Ⅰ was given dosage of 10mg/kg lead acetate via ip per week for 3 weeks and sacrificed immediately after treatment. Groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were put on a diet contaning 0.5% and 2% lead acetate respectively. Group Ⅳ was designed as control. Animals from Groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were killed 2 weeks,1 month and 3 months after treatment and their kidneys were samples for pathological examination.Under light microscope, the lesions were characterzed by foci of degeneration and necrosis of the proximal tubules. Some tubules were abnormally dilated and lined by flattened epithelium after 3 months. Numerous lead-conataining crystals were found kidney tubules of the treated rats. A few focal areas with early iaterstitial fibrosis adjacent to altered tubular profiles were preseut. lutranuclear inclusion bodies could be observed on rats that were killed 1 month and a months after treated with lead. The number and size of intranuclear inclusion bodies got incteased in the rats killed 3 months after the treatment.Extensive ultrastructural changes were revealed by electronic microscope. Major early damages to epitheliunl of proximal tubules were swelling of mitochondria and accumulation of lysosomes. Besides typical intranuclear lead includion bodies, pseudonuclear inclusion bodies were also noticed in some epithelium. The leadinduced pathological changes in the kidney of rats can be provided as an animal model for future studies of plumbism更多还原