【摘要】 蓝粒小麦是在长穗偃麦草与普通小麦杂交后代中选育出来的新类型。实验证明,蓝粒小麦在研究胚乳遗传和染色体工程方面是一个非常有用的材料。本试验观察了用中国春小麦,中国春单体系统、中国春4D缺体,分别与蓝粒小麦杂交F₁代的染色体数目和染色体行为,其结果是:（1）（中国春小麦×蓝粒小麦）F₁,减数分裂中Ⅰ,76％的细胞为20"+2’;（2）（中国春4D单体×蓝粒小麦）F₁,中Ⅰ,普遍出现了20"+1’的染色体构型,其它杂种F₁均为19"+3’;（3）（中国春4D缺体×蓝粒单体分离出的缺体）F₁,中Ⅰ,花粉母细胞n=20"。以上结果证明,蓝粒小麦是一个异代换系,即由1对长穗偃麦草染色体,4Ael,代换了小麦的1对4D染色体。更多还原

【Abstract】 The blue-grained wheat is a new type selected from the progenies of the hybrids between common wheat and Agropyron elongatwm (2n=10x=70).It has been provod that the blue-grained wheat is a very useful material for studying the genetics of the endosperm and the chromosome engineering.The chromosome numbers and behavior of the PI’S were observed,which include the hybrids between blue-grained wheat with Chinese Spring Wheat (CSW),CSW-mono-somic system and CSW-nullisomic respectively.The results are as follows:(1) In CSW Xblue grained wheat) F1 the cells with 20"+’ account for 76 per cent of the total cells observed,at MI;(2) In (CSW 4D-monosomicXblue grained wheat) F1,the chromosome configuration mostly appears to be 20"+’,the others F1 being 19"+3";(3) In (CSW 4D-nullisomic ×blue-nullisomic) F1 the chromosone configuration shows 20".It have been proved from the above results that the blue grained wheat is an alien substitution line,that is,a pair of 4D-chromosomes of wheat is replaced by a pair of chromosomes of A.elongatum,4Ael.更多还原