【摘要】 本文系统地讨论了局域电子磁晶各向异性的研究进展。文中详细介绍了最为成功的单离子各向异性理论,包括适用于3d过渡族,4d和5d族及4f族离子的不同的处理方法。对于磁偶极子及各向异性交换作用的双离子理论的计算方法也作了扼要的介绍。文中进而讨论了各类铁氧体磁晶各向异性的解释及控制。对稀土金属及稀土合金的各向异性的研究现状也作了简要的叙述。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the progress in the research on the magnetocrysta-lline anisotropy of localized electrons in strong magnetic substances are reviewed. The most successful theory of single ion anisotropy, including different methods of calculation used for 3d, 4d, 5d and 4f transition ions are given in detail. The two ion theories related to dipolar interaction and anisotropic exchange interaction are also introduced briefly. As examples of applications of the theories, the explanation and control of the anisotropy of various ferrites are discussed and the present status of the research on the anisotropy of rare earth metals and alloys are outlined.更多还原