【摘要】 <正> 一、冰川消融深与气温的关系 冰川消融主要受高山地区热量因素的制约。气温是反映太阳辐射、湍流热交换等热源的综合性指标,而且又是高山地区较易获得的气象要素之一。因此,利用气温来确定冰川消融,这在理论上虽逊于热量平衡法,但方法却简单得多,在实践中常常运用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Glacial ablation is mainly restricted by the thermal factors in high mountain regions.Air temperature is a comprehensive index reflecting solar radiation, turbulent thermal exchange and other thermal sources.Therefore, there is a close relationship of glacial ablation and meltwater runoff to ’air temperature, and especially a close relationship is between glacial ablation and air temperature.The relationship between glacial ablation and air temperature is linear, and the best is between glacial ablation and air temperature at the glacier surface.The relationship between glacial meltwater runoff and air temperature at the glacier surface is also linear,but, because of the influence of underlying surface, the farther the distance from glaciers, the larger the influence, and the relationship becomes unlinear away from glaciers.The best relationship is between glacial meltwater runoff and air temperature at the high mountain stations near the glaciers.The best correlation is at a ten-day interval, and the most suitable air temperature used is an average of positive temperature for ten days.The conclusion shows that prediction of glacial ablation and it’s runoff volume can be made by means of correlation analysis of air temperature.更多还原