【摘要】 作者根据组织、器官分化特点及便于实际应用,将花生荚果发育过程中种子胚的发育分为八期。研究表明,胚芽复叶数与子叶节复叶数的分化有 n-3的关系,与种子其他器官的分化亦有一定相关性,故从胚芽分化顺序可知其他器官的分化情况。作者还观察了胚乳、果皮和种皮的发育特点。胚器官分化完毕,胚芽具有6片真叶。当胚芽分化出4片真叶就开始具有发芽能力,分化出5片叶时发芽接近正常,故利用这一特性,可适当提前收获,以加速良种繁育和育种进程。同时胚芽要分化出5片叶以上,荚果才可能饱满。因此,花针期施P、K、Ca 肥,喷施 B₉等是有利于荚果发育;果针入土4周左右,施用果肥（包括氮肥）,将有利于荚果充实饱满。更多还原

【Abstract】 “Guangdong Oil No.551-116”and other nine verieties were usedas tested materials for investigating the characters of the anatomicalmorphology of pod development in peanut plant of the Spanish bunchtype and the alternated flowering type.1.In the pod developing process of Spanish bunch type,the dif-ferentiation and development of embryo in the seed can be divided intoeight stages,namely,(1)proembryo division;(2)primordial tissuedifferentiation;(3)cotyledons differentiation and formation;(4)dif-ferentiation of the first and second primary leaf of plumule;(5)diffe-rentiation of the third primary leaf of plumule:(6)fourth primary leafdifferentiation;(7)fifth primary leaf differentiation and(8)sixthprimary leaf differentiation.2.35-40 days after the peg penetrated into the soil every organ ofthe primary embryo was finished differentiation.When the plumule hasfour primary leaves,the embryo begins to have the capacity of germi-nation.But only when the plumule has five leaves,can the embryo ger-minates normally;and only when the plumule has 5 or more leaves,can the pod becomes full.3.Since the embryo has the germinating capacity when it has dif-ferentiated into five leaves,the harvest can be done ahead of time,Thusmakes it possible to advance one generation,so as to accelerate theprocess of improved strain reproduction and crop breeding.It is about four weeks after the peg has penetrated into the soil thatthe inflorescence promodia begin to differentiate.When the primary em-bryo has finished differentiation,there are three inflorescence promodiain the seed,which remain till the seed is ripe.4.Compared with the small,full filled seed,the big,fully filledseed has big coyyledons and rich nutrients.Its embryo also developsquickly.Therefore,we should stick to the division of seeds into large,medium and small sized when sowing,so as to facilitate the full stan-ding,the even emergence and stout seedlings.更多还原