【摘要】 <正> 1980年8—11月,我们在四川阿坝藏族自治州红原县的阿木柯河和龙日坝二个牧区,共剖检21只喜玛拉雅旱獭(Marmorta himalayana Hodgson),其中有3只感染一种大型的副裸头绦虫(14.29％)共95条,感染强度4—78条。成虫形态经比较研究后鉴定为立氏副裸头绦虫(Paranoplocephala ryjikovi Spassky,1950)。本虫系我国首次记录,其生活史至今尚未阐明。我们用当地的草原地螨感染本虫的怀卵体节,并在地螨体内获得各期发育的幼虫和充分发育的拟囊尾蚴。现将生活史的研究结果报告如次。 n,更多还原

【Abstract】 During the autumn of 1980, post-mortem examinations were made on 21 Marmota himalayana Hodgson from Hong-Yuan district, Suechuan. Three of them (14.29%) were infected with Parartoplocephala ryjikovi and the number of cestodes per marmot varied from 4-78. At the same time the soil mites of Oribatei were fed with the gravid proglottides of P. ryjikovi and dissected at various intervals. The growth and development of the cystieercoid, as observed in tie infected mites, were studied in detail.In the incubator temperature ranging from 29°-31℃, the development of embryo to a cysticercoid within mite hemoeoele required 36-42 days after infection, and the fully developed eysticercoids were obtained from 49-80 days. The mature cysticereoid is oval in shape, measuring 0.198×0.172 mm in diameter. The outer cuticle is dark in colour with 3.6-10.8 μ thickness, having an irregularly undulating membrane around the surface of the cuticle. The outer cystic wall contains two layers of parenehymons cell, being 3.6-10.8 μ in thickness. The inner cystic wall is fibrous, measuring 14.4-13.0 μ in thickness. A large number of ealearous bodies are distributed between the scolex and the wall of the cyst. The caudal appendage is degenerated as a sac, measuring 50.4 μ in length and 36.0 μ in width. Three pairs of embryonic hooks and lacunae re-mian in the tail.Nine species of oribatid mites, belonging to five families and five genera, were collected from the turf samples of pastures in Houg-Yuan district. Pour of them, namely Scheloribates chauhani, Scheloribates sp. 1, Galumm virginiensis and Parakalumma ly-dia, were experimentally proved to be the intermediate host of P. ryjikovi. The infection rates with mature eysticercoids for the four species of mite victors were: Sche-loribates chauhani 12.5%, Scheloribates sp. 1 69.64%, Galumna virginiensis 14.78% and Parakalumma lydia 11.11%.As a result of our observations, the larval development of P. ryjikovi from onco-sphere to mature eysticercoid in the intermediate host mainly pass through five larval stages in the course of ontogenesis: (1) oncosphere stage, (2) lacuna stage, (3) cystic-cavity stage, (4) scolex-formation stage, and (5) cysticereoid stage. It is considered probable that many other species of anoplocephalids of which life cycle are still unknown may also pass through the same course of ontogenesis with the soil mites of Oribatei serving as the intermediate host.更多还原