【摘要】 <正> 冰川消长与海(洋)气(候)的关系,一般不难理解。不过,本文所谈的冰川消长,不是同时消、同时长,而是有若干世纪东坡在消,西坡在长。这种情况比较少见,但确实有。例如在巴塔哥尼亚(Patagonia)(阿根廷),就有这样的情况。在科迪勒拉山系(Codilera)东侧,绝大部分的冰川在已经消退之后,而在西侧许多有出口的冰川都是前进的中心,这是不大容易理解的。所以有人提出各种办法来研究其中原因,如利用放射性炭来确定可疑更多还原

【Abstract】 In general it is not arduous to understand the reasons that the glaciers retreat or advance during the same period according to the climatic fluctuations, but it is not easy to perceive why the glaciers advance on one slope of a mountain range and those of another side have already retreated in the same time interval as narrated by John H. Mercer in Geog. Rev. Vol. 55, pp. 390-413. The subject of his paper is "Glacier variations in Southern Patagonia’’, in which he conceived some ways to study such landscape, so as Eadiocarbon dating of suspected late-glacial and postglacial end moraines is needed for glaciers of various type and in different environments. More studies also need to be made of plant colonization, particulary tree establishment, after glacier recession in different climatic eviroments, using the aerial photographs, etc.Here we should try to use the climatic and oceanic knowledges to explain the different appearences on different sides of the mountain ranges, e.g., the western slope of the Andes in South America is the so-called luff side (German Luv Seite) i.e. the slope agaist wind all the year round especially in winter, but the eastern side is sheltered from Pacific moisture laiden air. Moreover, the mean temperature of Chilian territory is always about 5℃ or more lower than that of Argentine Patagonia either in winter or in summer.The ocean currents on both sides of South America circulate, roughly speaking, in concord with wind system above the oceans. For example, the Peru Current flows from south to north along the Chilean coast, and sends the cold water and moist air on the shore, so the western slope of height more 5000 meters is liable for glacier development. The Brazil Current from equator flows southward along the South American shore, where it shows up as a tongue of water of high temperature, so the Peru Current has no effect upon the reproduction of glaciers on the eastern slope of the Andes Mts.; and here is the lee side of the winter precipitation-bearing air current, therefore South Patagonia is rather a dry area particularly in winter season.更多还原