【摘要】 <正> 就目前所知,副流感病毒共有四型:第Ⅰ型:HA-2病毒(血球吸附病毒第Ⅱ型);第Ⅱ型:CA病毒(Croup-associated);第Ⅲ型:HA-1病毒(血球吸附病毒Ⅰ第型);第Ⅳ型:M-25病毒。仙台病毒过去列为第Ⅰ型,后来经(?)以及作者之一的进一步研究认为该病毒不应与HA-2病毒同列为第Ⅰ型。关于该病毒的分离和鉴定过去一般采用单层猴肾细胞,但是在我国大部分地区猴肾细胞的来源是比较困难的。并且猴肾细胞常伴有隐性病毒,其中如SV-5, 即SA病毒就具有人类副流感病毒的特性,与CA病毒还具有部分抗原连系。因此有必要再寻求其他敏感细胞以代替猴肾细胞来进行副流感病毒的研究工作。关于该病毒在组织培养上的性能国外文献虽有过零星的报导,但是都缺乏系统的比较。本文就常见的三型副流感病毒在十种细胞培养上的繁殖特性进行了研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The growth characteristics of laboratory strains of parainfluenza viruses type I, IIand III in cultures of kidney cells obtained from human embryo, rhesus monkey, suck-ling calf, suckling guinea pig and chick embryo, and of five human cell lines （FL, KB,Detroit-6, HL-human embryonic lung and SHK-human embryonic kidney） were inves-tigated. In studies on the susceptibility of various tissue culture systems to parain-fluenza viruses, whether unadapted or adapted to these representative cell cultures, itwas found that human embryonic, monkey and suckling guinea pig kidney cultures werethe most sensitive. Infectious titres (ID₅₀) demonstrated by hemadsorption in thesecultures varied from 10^-4.5 to 10^-8.5 per ml. As for the host cell range of these viruses,it appears that type II virus multiplied well in all cultures tested except for chick em-bryo kidney cells, while type I virus possessed the narrowest host range. Parainfluenzaviruses produced more cytopathic effect in cultures of monkey kidney than in those ofhuman embryonic kidney. Cytopathic changes in human embryonic kidney cells infectedwith type II and III parainfluenza viruses were characterized by formation of multinuc-leated syncytia with eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Parainfluenza typeI virus （HA-2） did not produce any detectable cytopathic changes in human kidneycultures. Similar growth patterns of these three virus types were found in cultures ofhuman embryonic kidney. Maximal virus titres were reached by the end of the 4thday after inoculation. Highest hemagglutination titres were observed after 4 days andcoincided with the appearance of maximal virus titres. Hemadsorption became positiveafter 24-48 hrs. The behaviour of hemagglutinins obtained from cultures of humanembryonic, monkey and suckling guinea pig kidney was identical according to theirability to hemagglutinate erythrocytes from various species at different temperaturesand their sensitivity to nonspecific inhibitors contained in human sera. The possibilityof utilizing human embryonic kidney in place of monkey kidney for routine use in thestudy of parainfluenza viruses is discussed.更多还原