【摘要】 在过去工作的基础上,进一步观察了合金钢的组织结构对于钨、镍、硅、锰的光谱分析的影响和碳钢的组织结构对于硅、锰的影响。这些影响都是随着钢中含碳量的增加而增加,对与不同元素有程度上的不同。改变激发条件的试验结果指出:1)在同一激发条件下,淬火组织试样的弧温比退火组织的低;2)在同一弧温时,弧柱中合金元素与铁元素的浓度比值是淬火组织的比退火组织的高。由于这两个因素对于谱线强度所发生的影响的方向相反,所以在实际的光谱分析中,组织结构的影响便有不同的表现。 根据分析线对中的分析线与内标线的激发能差值的大小,可以说明为什么采用离子线或原子线作分析线对时所观察到的组织结构影响不同或者方向相反。当所用的分析线对比较均称时,淬火组织试样的分析结果总是比退火的高。引起组织结构影响的主要原因是由于在不同组织结构时蒸发情况的不同。试样中所含溶解碳量的增加使原子间力相应地减小,这可以解释为什么含碳量不同以及不同的合金元素引起不同的组织结构影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Further study of the effect of micro-structure of the sample electrode on the spectrochemical analysis of steels revealed that the effect on the analysis of W, Si and Ni all increases with the increase of the carbon content and for different analysis line pairs chosen, the effect not only differs in magnitude but also can be different in direction as was observed in the case of Cr in chromium steels. The effect on the analysis of Mn in all the steel samples studied is not significant. Structure effects observed under different excitation conditions show that under the same excitation condition, the arc temperature which is indicated by the log intensity ratio of two iron lines of different excitation potential is higher when the sample electrode is of annealed structure; and in light sources of the same arc temperature the relative concentration of alloying elements to iron is higher when the sample electrode is of quenched structure. Since these two factors have opposite effect on spectral line intensities, the result of analysis will be different for different line pairs chosen. If the analysis line pair is homologous, the effect observed is due to a difference of relative concentration of different elements in the arc column alone, and the result of analysis is always higher when the sample electrode is of quenched structure. This may he explained by the fact that the presence of carbon in solid solutions decreases the interatomic forces or shows a lowering of energy of volatilization. This lowering is different for different elements but all increases with the increase of carbon content.更多还原