【摘要】 为了研究施肥对水曲柳生长及开花结实的影响,以2年生水曲柳嫁接苗、13年生水曲柳幼树、29年生已开花水曲柳大树为材料,采用氮、磷、钾3因素3水平正交试验设计,连续三年进行施肥处理。通过测量嫁接苗的树高、地径;幼树的树高、胸径;已开花大树的开花率、结实率等生长发育指标研究不同配方施肥对水曲柳生长发育状态的影响,得出促进水曲柳生长发育的施肥最优组合。结果显示:施肥处理对水曲柳的生长发育具有促进作用。3种肥料对2年生水曲柳嫁接苗生长的影响顺序为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥,施肥最优组合为氮肥每株0.006 kg、磷肥每株0.012 kg、钾肥每株0.008 kg;对13年生水曲柳幼树生长的影响顺序为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥,施肥最优组合为氮肥每株0.15 kg、磷肥每株0.3 kg、钾肥每株0.2 kg;对已开花水曲柳大树开花率及结实率的影响顺序为氮肥>钾肥>磷肥,施肥最优组合为氮肥每株0.3 kg、磷肥每株0.6 kg、钾肥每株0.4 kg。结果表明合理施肥可以促进水曲柳的生长和开花结实,本试验结果也为水曲柳合理施肥提供了技术依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted to study the effect of fertilization on growth and flowering of Fraxinus mandschurica. Fertilizers with the orthogonal test containing 3 factors and 3 levels of N,P and K were formulated. The study materials included 2-year-old grafting seedlings of F. mandschurica,13-year-old juvenile F. mandschurica and 29-year-old adult F. mandschurica. Height and ground diameter of grafting seedlings,height and DBH( diameter at breast height) of juvenile,flowering rate and seed setting rate of adult were measured. The results showed that fertilization promoted the growth of F. mandschurica. For grafting seedlings,the order of effect of 3 fertilizers on height growth and ground diameter growth is N > P > K,and the optimal combination is with N of 0. 006 kg,P of 0. 012 kg and K of 0. 008 kg. For the juvenile,the order of effect of 3fertilizers on height growth and diameter growth is N > P > K,and the optimal combination is with N of 0. 15 kg,P of 0. 3 kg and K of 0. 2 kg. For adult trees,the order of effect of 3 fertilizers on flowering rate and seed setting rate is N > K > P,and the optimal combination is with N of 0. 3 kg,P of 0. 6 kg,and K of 0. 4 kg. Therefore,the fertilization could improve the growth of F. mandschurica.更多还原