【作者】 王静；

【导师】 梁春胜；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2023， 博士

【摘要】 唐代是中國古代石刻發展史上的昌盛期,這一時期石刻材料形式豐富多樣,爲唐朝歷史、考古、語言、文字、書法、美術等方面的研究提供了一批新材料,備受學界關注。近年來,唐代墓誌出土數量龐大,内容豐富,研究價值極高。當前學界對新出唐代墓誌的研究,主要集中在歷史、考古、文學、書法、民俗等方面,語言文字方面的研究則較爲零散、相對薄弱,大多是單篇墓誌文字的考釋、新出土墓誌的釋録等,研究空間還很廣闊。故本文以2010—2023年間新著録出版的唐代墓誌爲研究對象,對其進行全面系統的搜集整理,在前賢時彦録文的基礎上,考釋其中字詞與用典,總結相關規律,以期有助於唐代墓誌的準確解讀,爲相關研究提供更加準確可靠的資料。全文共分爲五章,其中第二、三、四章是論文的主體内容。第一章,緒論。首先介紹了本文的研究對象,梳理了相關研究綜述,羅列了本文研究所用材料。結合碑刻文獻的文體特徵及程式化寫作的特點,提出新出唐代墓誌字詞研究的方法。第二章,新出唐代墓誌疑難字考釋。疑難字可以説是整理和研究石刻文獻最難啃的一塊骨頭,需要下功夫進行一番考索,纔能準確理解其含義。本章从誤釋字、未釋字、殘泐字三個方面,考釋疑難字共計126條,力求疏通上下文意,幫助讀者閲讀理解墓誌文獻。第三章,新出唐代墓誌疑難詞語考釋。新出唐代墓誌存在一批疑難詞語,勢必給讀者閲讀理解帶來很大障礙,有必要對其加以釋讀。本章從典故詞語和普通詞語兩個方面,釋讀疑難詞語凡29條。第四章,新出唐代墓誌用典研究。從事典、語典、名典三方面,考釋用典共計79條。對用典的考釋,大部分條目下並不僅僅限於一詞,而是在廣泛搜集材料的基礎上,盡可能地網羅出與此詞在形體、語音、意義、結構上等有聯繫的相關詞語,集中審察,據以考釋出一批典故詞語的含義。通過大量考釋典故,從中總結在考釋用典過程中需要注意的一些問題:注意辨識典故的非主流典形、注意典故同形異源現象、注意墓誌撰寫者張冠李戴、注意典中套典的情況。分析歸納相關問題,有助於補充完善辭書編纂,爲漢語詞彙史研究提供參考。第五章,本選題的應用價值。從“有助於唐代墓誌的識讀與研究”“有助於近代漢字的深入研究”“有助於大型辭書的編纂與修訂”三個方面論述了新出唐代墓誌字詞與用典研究成果的應用價值。最後,附録部分。附録一是字詞索引,附録二是新出唐代墓誌釋録舉正,附録三是新出唐代墓誌字形表。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Tang Dynasty marks a prosperous period in the history of ancient Chinese stone carving development.Stone carving materials during this period have diverse forms,providing a bunch of new data for the history,archaeology,language,writing,calligraphy,fine arts,and other aspects of the Tang Dynasty,thus they are highly focused by academics.In recent years,Tang Dynasty tombstones have been unearthed in large quantities,rich in content,and of high research value.The previous studies mainly focus on history,archaeology,literature,calligraphy,folklore,and other aspects,while the research on language and writing is fragmented and relatively rare.Most of them are about the interpretation of characters and newly discovered tombstones,but there are lots of things unexplored.This dissertation concentrates on newly published works about Tang Dynasty tombstones between 2010 and2023,collects and organizes them in a comprehensive and systematic way,interprets the words and the use of illusions based on previous literature,and summarizes relevant regularities to contribute to more accurate interpretation of Tang Dynasty’s tombstones and provide more accurate and reliable information for relevant research.This dissertation consists of five chapters,of which the second,third,and fourth chapters are the main body.Chapter one is the introduction.First,it introduces the research object of this dissertation,synthesizes relevant literature reviews,and lists the materials used in this research.Combined with the stylistic characteristics of inscribed documents and procedural writings,it puts forward the methodology of using words and phrases on the tombstones of the Tang Dynasty.The second chapter is about the interpretation of difficult words on newly unearthed Tang dynasty tombstones.Difficult words can be regarded as the hardest part to be explored in the collation and study of stone-carved literature,and it needs lots of effort to research to accurately understand their meanings.This chapter explores the interpretation of difficult characters with 126 in total from the aspects of misinterpreted characters,uninterpreted characters,and mutilated characters,and strives to understand the context to help the readers read and better understand the tombstone literature.The third chapter examines the difficult words and phrases on newly unearthed Tang dynasty tombstones within which there are a group of difficult words,which may bring obstacles to the readers’ reading and understanding,so it is necessary to do some investigations.This chapter explains 29 difficult words and phrases in total,whether they are illusion uses or normal characters.The fourth chapter is about the usage of illusions on newly unearthed Tang dynasty tombstones.It explains illusion usages with 79 in total,whether they are from traditional story usage,traditional word usage,or traditional people/places names.The explanation of traditional story usage not only covers the interpretation of a single word within each entry but also enumerates its related words and phrases,such as form,phonetics,meaning,structures,etc.,to systematically explore the meanings of a group of related illusion usages.This dissertation finds that there are some problems that need to be paid attention to through the examination of lots of illusion uses.It’s necessary to pay attention to the phenomena of unusually used forms of illusions and illusions with the same forms but different sources.Also,it is important to pay attention to the phenomena of tombstone writers’ unconscious misuse of illusions and the use of illusion within illusion.Analyzing and summarizing related issues will help supplement and improve the compilation of dictionaries and provide a reference for the study of the history of Chinese vocabulary.The fifth chapter is about the research practical value of this topic.This chapter talks about the value of studying the words and phrases of newly unearthed Tang Dynasty tombstones and illusion uses from three aspects,the benefits of identifying and understanding Tang Dynasty tombstones,the benefits of further exploration for characters after Southern and Northern Dynasties,and the benefits of the compilation and corrections of large-scale dictionaries.The last part is the appendix section.Appendix I is the index of words and phrases.Appendix II is the list of explanations and corrections of newly unearthed Tang Dynasty tombstones while Appendix III has a table for the characters’ stylist forms on newly unearthed Tang Dynasty tombstones.更多还原