【作者】 张培；

【导师】 郑永扣；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2022， 博士

【摘要】 大学生是社会主义现代化建设的主力军,是实现民族伟大复兴中国梦的希望,大学生的成长成才关系学校、家庭、自身乃至社会的和谐发展与稳定。现代化社会中成长的青年大学生享受着外在物质财富的充盈与丰富,而内在精神世界却越发焦虑与迷茫,漠视生命、价值模糊、意义迷失、心理脆弱等现象时有发生,这与生命观教育在我国高校教育中的缺失与不足有关。加强大学生生命观教育,引导大学生树立正确的生命观,追求生命意义和价值,实现生命健康全面发展,是高校思想政治工作的需要,也是国家实施人才强国战略的迫切要求。我国大学生生命观教育具有丰富的思想资源和理论基础。马克思主义人学思想关注人的存在、人的本质、人的价值与人的全面发展问题,为大学生生命观教育提供了根本的理论遵循。以儒、道、释为代表的中华优秀传统文化思想提倡珍爱生命,以生命的长久和安宁为价值取向,注重生命内在精神的升华,有助于人们更好地理解生命,安顿生命,实现生命超越。西方哲学对生命问题的关注有着较长的历史,并形成了西方世界独有的生命思想,其中有关生命本质、生命意义及生命价值的理论,为开展大学生生命观教育提供了有益的借鉴。新中国成立以来我国大学生生命观教育的发展主要经历了社会主义革命和建设时期、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期,中国特色社会主义新时代三个阶段。社会主义革命和建设时期,高校有关生命观教育的内容主要体现在马克思主义理论和思想政治教育中的人生观、世界观、价值观、道德观教育,理想信念教育中也涉及一些生命观教育的内容。改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期,人生观教育、心理健康教育被正式提出并列入高校思想政治教育中,越来越多的人开始关注“生命观”和“生命观教育”,“以人为本”、关注生命本体的生命教育出现。新时代,习近平总书记高度重视人才培养质量,提出一系列新思想、新理念,进一步丰富和创新了大学生生命观教育的内容。客观、真实地了解当前大学生生命观现状,分析大学生生命观问题的成因,才能为生命观教育找到行之有效的实施方法。对一些高校大学生生命观现状进行的调研发现,多数大学生拥有积极、健康的生命观,部分大学生存在生命认知狭隘、生命意识淡薄、抗压抗挫能力低、生存技能不足、生活方式不健康等问题。究其原因,多元文化的冲击、科学理性的影响、学校教育人文关怀不足、家庭生命教育存在缺陷以及大学生自身特质等是主要的影响因素。大学生生命观教育以培养大学生认知生命、尊重生命、发展生命为目标,生命观教育内容的确立要以此为根本依据。生命存在是人类存在的唯一方式与重要载体,也是人类开展实践活动的前提与基础。生命观教育要引导大学生正确认识生命存在与死亡,增强生命意识,培养生存技能。生命观教育要培养大学生健康生活方式,积极进取的生命态度及面对困难和挫折的勇气,帮助大学生营造和谐的人际关系,保持心理健康,实现对生命的尊重。人的生命具有未完成性,生命观教育要启迪大学生的精神生命,实现生命的完整意义和崇高价值。面对新时代对人才培养的新要求,大学生生命观教育要以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引,不断优化生命观教育课程内容,加强生命观教育师资队伍建设,营造富有“生命气息”的校园文化环境,整合社会、家庭、个人等生命观教育资源,学习借鉴国外生命观教育的有益经验,在实践中探索生命观教育的有效实施路径,真正解决大学生生命观确立过程中的问题,把生命观教育的目标落到实处。更多还原

【Abstract】 College students are the main force of socialist modernization construction and the hope of realizing the Chinese dream of great national rejuvenation.The growth and development of college students is related to the harmonious development and stability of school,family,themselves and even society.Modern society’s young college students growing up enjoying the external filling with abundant material wealth,and the inner spiritual world is increasingly anxiety and confusion of life,value fuzzy,meaning lost,psychological vulnerability,the phenomenon such as empty life phenomenon,fully exposed the life view education lack and deficiency of the education in colleges and universities in our country.It is not only the need of ideological and political work in colleges and universities,but also the urgent requirement of the state to implement the talent training strategy to strengthen the education of college students’ outlook on life and guide them to establish a correct outlook on life,pursue the meaning and value of life and realize the healthy and all-around development of life.The education of life outlook of college students has abundant ideological resources and theoretical basis.Marxist humanistic thought pays attention to the problems of human existence,human essence,human value and human all-around development,which provides the fundamental theoretical follow for the education of college students’ outlook on life.The traditional Chinese cultural thoughts represented by Confucianism,Taoism and Buddhism advocate cherishing life,taking the longevity and tranquility of life as the value orientation and paying attention to the sublimation of the inner spirit of life,which helps people better understand life,settle down life and achieve life transcendence.Western philosophy has a long history of paying thoughts about life,the meaning of life and the value of life,providing theoretical reference for the current education research on life view of college students.This paper combs the development of life outlook education of college students in China in three historical periods before,since and in the new era,analyzes the law of life outlook education,and provides historical reference for carrying out life outlook education in current colleges and universities.In the historical period from the founding of the People’s Republic of China to the reform and opening up,the content of life concept education in colleges and universities is mainly reflected in marxism theory and ideological and political education in the education of outlook on life,world outlook,values and morality,and the education of ideals and beliefs also involves some content of life concept education.After the reform and opening up,the education of outlook on life and mental health has been formally put forward and included in the ideological and political education in colleges and universities,and more and more people begin to pay attention to “outlook on life”and “education of outlook on life”.Later,“ people-oriented ” life education,focusing on life itself,emerged.Entering the new era,General Secretary Xi Jinping attach great importance to the quality of talent training and put forward a series of new ideas and concepts,which further enrich and innovate the content of life concept education for college students.To objectively truly understand the current situation of college students’ outlook on life,analyze the reasons behind the problems of college students’ outlook on life,and provide empirical basis for seeking the implementation methods of life outlook education.Through questionnaire investigation,data statistics,interviews and other research methods,some universities in Henan province to research the present situation and problems of college students’ life view,found that most college students have a positive and healthy life view,some college students by the multicultural values,scientific and rational,school education,family education and its own factors,such as problems of life vies,the need of colleges and universities to carry out the system,science,there are The life concept education in primary school guides college students to set up correct life concept.The establishment of the educational content of life outlook should be based on the educational goal of life outlook.Life view education for college.The aim is to train college students to recognize,respect and develop life,realize the meaning and value of life.The existence of life is the only way and important carrier of human existence in the real world,and also the basis of our social practice.First of all,life education should guide college students to correctly understand the existence and essence of life,cultivate life consciousness,enhance survival skills and correctly understand death.The education of outlook on life should cultivate students’ positive and enterprising attitude towards life,advocate healthy lifestyle,calmly face the difficulties and challenges of life,build harmonious interpersonal relationship,maintain mental health and realize their respect for life.Human life is not generative,so the education of life concept should inspire the spiritual life of college students and realize the meaning and value of life on the basis of helping them understand and respect life.In order to implement the life outlook education of college students,it is necessary to explore the effective implementation path of life outlook education of college students in practice according to the current situation,so as to truly solve the problems in the process of establishing the correct life outlook of college students.Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,the continuous optimization of college students’ life view education course content,to strengthen college students’ life view education teachers team construction,creating a“breath of life”of the campus culture atmosphere,the integration of various education resources,such as society,family and individual education beneficial experience to learn from the foreign life view,strive to build view education to college students an effective path to development.更多还原