【作者】 傅伟锋；

【导师】 唐贤清；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2017， 博士

【摘要】 近几十年来,学界对汉语程度副词的研究越来越深入,且成果丰硕。但总而言之,对汉语程度副词的研究基本局限于单语言维度下,且更多的是集中于某些个体的研究,缺乏系统性,这种现况对于对外汉语教学来说是相当不利的。所以我们有必要通过对汉英程度副词进行系统的梳理,全面的分析,发现两者之间的异同,特别是其中差异之处,这有助于我们进一步深刻认识汉语和英语教学语法的特点,建立一套既系统又科学和实用的汉英语法体系,以此丰富汉英程度副词比较研究。也将大大促进我国的汉语教学、对外汉语教学、英语教学及翻译事业,从而更好地促进国际交流。论文由九大部分组成:第一部分是绪论。介绍了选题的基本缘由、研究意义、研究现状、研究方法及研究框架,其中研究现状阐述了汉英程度副词总体研究情况以及比较性研究现状。第二部分是汉英程度副词对齐语料库的建立。在这一部分,我们以北京大学双语语料库为基础,对封闭的100个汉语程度副词一一进行检索,建立了一个小型的“汉英程度副词对齐语料库”,然后在此基础之上进行语料检索,形成了四个对比语料:“汉语程度副词+名词”语料;“汉语程度副词+形容词”语料;“汉语程度副词+动词”语料;以及若干以英语程度副词为条件进行的检索形成的语料。这些语料的形成为后续的研究提供了语料基础。第三部分为语料库建立后的初步研究。以极低频汉语程度副词与对应英语程度副词为研究对象,通过对单、双音节汉语程度副词与英语程度副词在对译语料中语义和语法层面的比较,初步地揭示了部分汉英程度副词的差异,为后续的研究提供了一定的分析基础。第四部分对汉英程度副词的程度量进行了比较,包含了程度量等级实现方式以及量级等级比较。主要研究汉英程度副词修饰形容词、动词的情况,修饰名词因在对译语料中出现情况极少,只做描述性分析。第五部分研究了汉英程度副词修饰动词时的制约机制,包含了语义制约以及句法制约两个层次,其中句法制约上是从动词有界/无界角度切入来探究受到句法制约的因素。第六部分比较了汉英程度副词否定形式在对译语料中的情况,包含否定形式的比较,以及否定语义指向比较两个层面。第七部分比较了汉英程度副词作补语时在对译语料中的异同。包含了句法单位、句中位置以及语义指向三个层面的研究。第八部分为汉英程度副词重叠的比较。简要地比较了汉英程度副词重叠的形式以及语义。最后一章为结论,对前文每一章研究成果进行了梳理和总结,并进行了一定的评述。文章在研究中采用了多种方法相结合。在理论方法上,主要以对比语言学理论和搭配理论为基础,采用对比研究的方法进行研究。但处于对比环境下对于一些组合难以做出有效地解释,因此为了解释一些语料现象,还引入了普遍语法理论作为分析理论,以解释这些问题。对于其它一些难以解释的部分,我们运用了语言类型学理论。实证方法上,采用的是语料库分析方法。通过对真实语料的分析,以挖掘汉英程度副词的异同。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent decades,the study of the degree adverbs in modern Chinese has become more and more in-depth and fruitful.But overall,the research of Chinese adverbs of degree basically limited to a single dimension of language,and more concentrated in certain individuals,the situation for teaching Chinese as a foreign language is quite negative for lack of systematic.From a higher level,pure Chinese studies,for our culture to the world,to reverse the existing western discourse as the dominant world culture is quite passive.Therefore,this thesis intends to make a comprehensive comparison of the degree adverbs in Chinese and English,to reveal the similarities and differences between Chinese and English two languages,especially the differences.It is helpful for us to deeply understand the characteristics of Chinese and English teaching grammar,and establish a set of systematic and scientific and practical Chinese English law system,which will contribute to the comparative study of Chinese and English degree adverbs.And this will greatly promote the Chinese language teaching,teaching Chinese as a foreign language,English teaching and translation,so as to better promote international exchanges.The thesis is composed of nine parts:The first part is the introduction part,introduces the basic reason of the selected topic,research significance,research status,research methods and research framework,the research status of Chinese English adverbs of degree and the comparative study of the status quo;The second chapter introduces the formation of the basic corpus,including the establishment of the corpus and the acquisition of the corpus.The third part is the preliminary study.Through the comparison of semantic and grammatical level between the very low frequency adverbs of degree and the corresponding English adverbs in the translation of the corpus the differences between Chinese and English adverbs are revealed,this provides a certain basis for the follow-up study.The fourth part begins the formal study,the degree of degree adverbs in Chinese and English are compared,it contains the level of the degree of implementation and order of magnitude comparison,mainly aimed at the Chinese and English degree adverbs modifying adjectives,verbs.In the fifth parts,the restrictive mechanism of Chinese and English degree adverbs modifying verbs is studied.which including the semantic constraints and the legal system of about two levels.In the sixth part,the negative form of the degree adverbs in Chinese and English is compared,it contains the comparison of the negative form,as well as the two aspects of the comparison of the negative semantic orientation.The seventh chapter makes a comparison between the degree adverbs in Chinese and English as complements in the translation of the corpus,including the syntactic unit,the position of the sentence and the semantic orientation of the three levels.The eighth part is the comparison of the degree adverbs in Chinese and English.The paper briefly compares the forms and the semantic meaning of the degree adverbs in the two languages.The last chapter is the conclusion,which summarizes the main results of each chapter,and makes some comments on it.This thesis uses a variety of methods based on comparative linguistics,such as collocation theory,universal grammar theory,as well as the theory of linguistic typology and the method of comparative.更多还原