【作者】 徐伟；

【导师】 张青山；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2018， 博士

【摘要】 制造系统是制造企业运营战略执行能力的主要体现,对企业获取市场竞争能力具有举足轻重的作用。离散性制造系统在总制造系统中所占比例为90%以上,作为人造系统,具有其特点的系统功能目标,以满足客户需求,并实现核心竞争能力。因此,离散性制造系统功能目标影响机理和决策模型,对于企业运营和发展至关重要。然而,离散性制造系统功能目标作用关系面临诸多影响因素,决策模型中既要考虑企业内部约束和外部需求,又要考虑求解方法,特殊情况下还需要了解不同目标之间的优先决策等级,加之本身改问题就属于NP-hard问题,因此,机理研究与决策研究具有高度的复杂性。本文针对此类问题的特征和难点,通过引入文献调查与实证验证相结合解决功能目标影响机理问题,通过优先级确定及情景划分方法解决决策模型建立问题,通过智能优化算法相关的理论和方法,解决决策模型求解问题,构建具有一定普适意义的离散性制造系统功能目标影响机理模型,并进行验证,在此基础上,构建优先级决策模型,一般决策模型,具有竞争优势期望的决策模型,并运用智能优化算法来求解模型,重点开展了以下研究工作:(1)离散性制造系统功能目标影响机理研究。通过文献梳理,实际访谈,设计调查问卷,建立了离散性制造系统功能目标的作用模型,通过调查分析,给出了影响机理的六大类因素:成本,效率,质量,时间,灵捷性和绿色性要求,并对模型进行验证性分析。结果表明,客户需求对离散性制造系统功能目标有正向影响,生产者战略对功能目标也有正向影响,此外客户需求也通过生产者战略影响制造系统功能目标。(2)离散性制造系统功能目标优先级决策研究。针对制造系统功能目标决策中客户需求和市场竞争两大要求,依据占优理论,对形成离散性制造系统功能目标的核心因素进行函数刻画,从优先级函数中选择具有代表性,且适合不同目标表达的参数,在相关问题描述后,应用PROMETHEE方法,对模型进行求解,给出算例分析。(3)离散性制造系统功能目标一般决策模型及求解研究。为具有一定普适性的决策模型,将制造单元作为制造系统功能目标的最基本载体,通过对成本,效率,质量,时间,灵捷性和绿色性六方面对制造单元进行功能目标刻画,引入制造单元之间协调度的概念,建立离散性制造系统功能目标决策模型。在权重计算上,以QFD展开为描述二者之间直接作用的集成工具,形成兼顾客户与生产者要求的功能目标重要程度,分别以主观评价的三角模糊数和客观可调的熵权法对功能目标进行权重配置,针对模型的NP-hard特性,设计PSO-ACO算法进行求解,并通过仿真实例对算法的可行性和有效性进行了验证,实验能够得到比传统的遗传算法更满意的结果。通过适配值的调整,可进一步对离散性制造系统功能目标决策提供更多选择策略。(4)具有竞争优势期望的离散性功能目标决策模型及求解研究。为使离散性制造系统在较好地满足客户需求和形成竞争优势,建立了双层规划模型。将前景值理论引入决策模型,以客户综合前景值满意度最大和成本最低建立了以客户为主导的上层规划模型,以生产者综合前景值满意度最大为目标建立了下层规划模型,依据制造单元资源限制和制造单元之间的协调度为约束,形成了具有竞争优势期望的离散性制造系统功能目标决策模型。既满足了客户的上层主目标要求,也可以在满足生产者要求的情况下,给出生产者决策的策略选择方案。利用双层NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行了求解,并通过算例,验证了算法的可行性和有效性。本文提出了离散性制造系统功能目标影响机理及决策模型,旨在解决现实中离散性制造系统功能目标形成竞争力的作用基础,确定不同目标优先保障级别,通过建立离散性制造系统功能目标基本模型和具有竞争优势期望的优化模型,为决策者实现资源的有效利用提供重要指导和应用参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The manufacturing system is the main embodiment of the operational strategy execution ability of the manufacturing enterprise,which plays an important role for the enterprise to obtain the market competition ability.Discrete manufacturing system accounts for more than 90% of the total manufacturing system.As an artificial system,it has its own system function goals to meet customer needs and achieve core competitiveness.Therefore,the influence mechanism and decision-making model of the discrete manufacturing system function target is very important to the operation and development of the enterprise.However,interactions between discrete manufacturing system function has many influence factors,the decision-making model should not only consider the internal constraints and external demand,but also consider the solution under special circumstances also need to understand the priority levels of decision between different objects,and the modified problem is a NP-hard problem,therefore,the study of mechanism and decision making the research is of high complexity.This paper aims at the characteristics and difficulties of this kind of problem,solving the problem of the effect mechanism of functional objectives by combining the method of literature investigation and empirical verification,solving the problem of establishing the decision model by the method of priority determination and scenario division and through the theory and method related to the intelligent optimization algorithm,we solve the problem of decision model solving,and build a general purpose of the discrete manufacturing system function target influence mechanism model,and verify it.On this basis,a priority decision model,a general decision model,a decision model with competitive advantage and expectation are built,and an intelligent optimization algorithm is applied to solve the models.The following research work is emphatically carried out:(1)Research on the influence mechanism of the functional target of discrete manufacturing system.Through literature review,interviews,questionnaire design,we established a role model of discrete manufacturing system function target,through the investigation and analysis,six factors affecting the mechanism are: cost,efficiency,quality,time,agility and green requirements,and the model is analyzed.(2)Research on the priority decision of the function target of the discrete manufacturing system.In a manufacturing system function goal decision in two requirements of customer demand and market competition,based on the dominant theory,the function was used to describe the core factors of the discrete manufacturing system function target,select the parameters that are representative and suit different target expression from the priority function,after described in the related problems,PROMETHEE method is used to solve the model,and gave the example analysis.(3)Research on the general decision model and solution of the function target of discrete manufacturing system.In order to get a certain universal decision-making model,making the manufacturing unit as the most basic carrier of the function target of the manufacturing system,by analyzing six aspects of manufacturing unit function characterization of target,cost,efficiency,quality,time,agility and green,the concept of coordination degree between the manufacturing units is introduced,and the decision model of the discrete manufacturing system function target is set up.In the weight calculation,QFD expansion as an integrated tool used to descript two direct effects,formed the importance of a functional goal that takes into account the requirements of the customer and the producer.The triangular fuzzy numbers and the objective adjustable entropy weight method are used to weight the functional objectives respectively.Aiming at the NP-hard characteristics of the model,ACO-PSO algorithm is designed to solve the problem.The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by a simulation example,and the experiment can get more satisfactory results than the traditional genetic algorithm.Based on the adaptive adjustment,we can provide more choices for further decision of the functional goal of discrete manufacturing system.(4)Research on discrete functional goal decision model and its solution with the expectation of competitive advantage.In order to make the discrete manufacturing system better meet the customer’s demand and form a competitive advantage,a two-layer programming model was set up.Introducing the theory of foreground value into the decision model,a customer oriented top level planning model was established based on the customer satisfaction and the lowest cost.The lower level planning model was established based on the goal of maximum producer satisfaction.According to the resource constraints of manufacturing cells and the degree of coordination between manufacturing units,a functional objective decision-making model of discrete manufacturing system with competitive expectation was formed.It not only satisfies the requirements of the upper level of the main target of the customer,but also gives the strategy choice of producer decision under the condition of meeting the requirement of the producer.The double layer NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve the problem.The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by an example.In this paper,the influence mechanism and decision making model of discrete manufacturing system function goal were put forward,aiming to solve the function foundation of the functional goal of discrete manufacturing system in reality.The priority level of different objectives was determined.By establishing the general functional model of discrete manufacturing system and the optimization model with competitive advantage expectation,it provides a useful decision reference for decision-makers to achieve effective utilization of resources.更多还原