【作者】 杨红；

【导师】 廖美珍；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2016， 博士

【摘要】 在当代的市场经济条件下,合同是经济发展的重要组成元素,市场经济就是合同经济。合同承载着经济发展的目标和重任,并反映一个国家及其民族国民经济生产力的形成过程。合同作为经济交易的一种基本法律形式,对于保障市场机制下的经济交易安全以及推动社会经济的有序运行,起着决定性的作用。此外,合同订立和履行每时每刻都在发生,合同话语纠纷案件及其审理判决也相应存在。为此,本研究采用语用学的研究方法,考察合同话语纠纷产生的根源,分析合同话语的具体行为和行为目的,既有跨学科研究的理论意义,又具有一定的现实意义。合同话语是一种法律话语,既与法学、经济学相关,又涉及到法律语言学等其他学科。作为社会历史和市场经济发展的产物,合同是在特定的合同语境中,当事人双方或三方之间在互动过程中所产生的具体合同言语行为,具有社会性。本文基于收集真实的合同话语语料基础上,以合同话语为研究对象,并在梳理国内外的合同行为话语和目的话语的文献基础上,运用言语行为理论、间接言语行为理论、目的原则的理论框架,对合同话语进行定性描写、阐释和语用三维分析,深究合同话语纠纷产生的的根源。研究合同话语,有利于帮助合同话语人(或合同当事人)正确理解合同法律语言,明确合同双方或多方的言语行为及其行为目的,从而规避合同话语纠纷的发生。研究合同话语,有利于司法人员处理合同话语纠纷案件,找到合同话语所隐含的言外之意间接言语行为以及合同话语背后的真实行为目的。合同话语的语用研究,为分析合同中的话语纠纷产生根源提供新方法,该研究具有可期待的应用价值。经典言语行为理论、间接言语行为理论与目的原则适用于合同话语语用研究。合同话语人的言语行为、间接言语行为的言外之意以及合同话语目的差异性,是合同话语纠纷产生的根源。合同不是单纯的语言,而是一种行为。合同是做事的,合同是一种言语行为,是一同利益的实现过程中,埋下合同陷阱和合同风险的种子,从而导致合同话语纠纷的产生。针对合同话语纠纷的产生,提出解决合同纠纷和目的冲突合同言语行为的归类式博弈策略、信息扩展式博弈策略和蜈蚣式博弈策略。本论文的研究成果拟将为合同当事人订立合同和司法人员审理合同纠纷案件之所用,提高合同订立的质量和合同纠纷案件审理的效率。本研究的主要特色和创新之处表现在：(1)将中西方语用学理论结合起来,对合同的话语行为和话语目的进行三维分析；(2)提出把合同当作双向或多向的言语行为来分析的研究论点；(3)合同言语行为序列是合同话语连贯的纽带；(4)条件不对称、目的不一致以及利益不确定的动态语境诱发言外之意合同间接言语行为产生；(5)合同话语目的的实现是由合同话语的目的矛盾走向目的统一的一个过程；(6)目的原则在合同话语中的具体运用,丰富和扩展目的原则研究内容和研究领域；(7)汉语合同话语语用研究覆盖从立法行为,到法律行为,再到司法行为的全过程。论文的研究内容：全文共分七章。第一章绪论。阐述合同话语的概念、概述论文的研究价值和目的与意义、研究方法与语料以及篇章布局。第二章文献综述。从合同行为话语、目的话语以及其他研究层面,进行国内外合同话语综述和述评,总结成就与不足。第三章理论框架。阐述经典言语行为理论、间接言语行为理论以及目的原则的三维分析框架。第四章从言语行为视角分析汉语合同话语,重点研究合同言语行为和合同言语行为序列。第五章从间接言语行为视角分析汉语合同话语,重点研究合同间接言语行为的言外之意和合同话语的动态语境。第六章从目的原则视角分析汉语合同话语,重点研究目的冲突合同言语行为的博弈策略、合同话语目的层次以及合同话语连贯关系。第七章结论与展望。总结论文的研究结果、最终结论、研究启示、创新点、局限性与不足以及未来展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the modern market economy, the contract is an important element of economic development, market economy is contract economy. The contract bears the economic development objectives and responsibilities, and reflects the formation of a national economy and national productivity. The contract as a basic law format of economic transactions, for the protection of economic transactions under the security market mechanism and promoting the orderly operation of the social economy, plays a decisive role. In addition, the signment and the fulfillment of the contract happen all the time in the event of contract disputes and the trial judgment accordingly exist. Therefore, the paper uses the research method of pragmatics, and studies the reason or the root of discourse disputes of contracts, and aslo analyses the specific speech acts and their behavioral intentions or purposes. This study has both interdisciplinary research importance and some practical significance.Contract discourse is a legal discourse. It has the connection not only with the law and economics related, but also involves other disciplines related to legal linguistics. As a product of social history and the development of market economy, the contract involves a specific speech acts or verbal behavior between the two or three parties produced in a particular contractual context. The contract has the social characteristics and features. This paper, based on the literature of real contract discourse, takes the contract discourse as the research object. Besides, on the literature basis of the specific speech acts and their behavioral intentions or purposes, combining the research home and abroad, thus, the pragmatic theories including the Speech Act Theory, the Indirect Speech Act Theory and the Goal-driven Principle are used to study and explain the qualitative description of contract discourse, and pragmatic interpretation and three-dimensional theoretical framework analysis, and further study the root or cause of the contract discourse.The study of contract discoure helps the people (or the parties of the contract) understand the contract forensic or law language correctly and clearly, and make sure of the specific speech acts and the purposes of two parties or more parties so as to avoid the occurance of the contract discourse disputes. Moreover, the research of contract discourse, is in favor of judicial personnel to deal with contractual disputes, and find the real meaning implied in the indirect speech acts of contract discourse and real purposes behind the words or lines in the contract.From the pragmatic points of view, the study provides a new method to analyse the reason or the root of contract discourse disputes. Thus, the study is expected to offer or find an applied or practical value in this paper. The Classical Theory of Speech Acts, Indirect Speech Act Theory and Goal-Driven Principle are applicable to the Chinese contract discourse. The difference between the contract parties’ speech acts, and implication of indirect speech acts and the discourse purpose, is the root of the contract disputes arising. The contract is not a simple language, but an act. Contract is a work, in other words, the contract is a speech act, containing letters and indirect speech acts between the lines with a purposeful discourse. In the realization of contract purposes and the contract interests, the traps and "seeds"of contract risks are probably planted to result in contract disputes arising discourse. As for contract disputes arising discourse, the paper proposes classified game strategy, extensive information game strategy and centipede- style game strategy to solve contract disputes and purpose conflicts’speech acts.The research results will be used to serve the contract parties and law officers or judiciaries for signing contracts or proceeding contract disputes so as to improve the quality of contract signment and the efficiency of the case-hearing or contract trial.The main characteristics and research innovations of this paper are as follows:(1) three-dimensional analytical framework formed through the conjunction of Sino-Western pragmatic theories is used to analyze contract speech acts and discourse purposes.(2) put forward an idea of regarding the contract as a two-way or multi-way speech acts.(3) the contract speech act sequence is the bond for the contract discourse coherence.(4) the dynamic contexts of asymmetric conditions, inconsistent purposes and uncertain benefits, evoke the speech acts implications.(5) the achievement of contract discourse objectives is a process from the purpose contradiction to purpose unity of the contract discourse.(6) the application of the Goal-Driven Principle in the contract discourse, enriches and expands the research contents and research fields under the Goal-Driven Principles.(7) the pragmatic study of Chinese contract discourse is covered by a whole process of legislative acts, legal acts, and judicial conducts.The research contents:the paper is divided into seven chapters as follows:Chapter I. Introduction. Introduce the concept of contract discourse, and overview research value, purpose and significance, research methods, corpus and chapter layout.Chapter II. Literature Review. From the aspects of contract speech acts, goal-driven discourse and other studies to review foreign and domestic research and make discourse commentary at home and abroad, and summarize the research achievements and shortcomings.Chapter Ⅲ. Theoretical Framework. Elaborate the dimensional analytical framework of Classical Speech Acts and Indirect Speech Acts Theories and Goal-Driven Principle.Chapter Ⅳ. To analyse the Chinese contract discourse from the perspective of Speech Acts and focus on the studies of the contract speec acts and their sequences, etc.Chapter Ⅴ. To analyse the Chinese contract discourse from the perspective of Indirect Speech Acts and focus on the implications and dynamic contexts of the contract speech acts.Chapter Ⅵ. To analyse the Chinese contract discourse from the perspective of Goal-Driven Principle and focus on contract conflict game strategies, goal-driven levels and discourse coherence.Chapter Ⅶ. Conclusion and Outlook:Research results, conclusions, research enlightenment, innovations, limitations, deficiencies, future prospects, are summarized in the paper.更多还原