【作者】 赵英；

【导师】 胡培；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2015， 博士

【副题名】基于IT行业的实证分析

【摘要】 随着计算机技术、现代通讯技术、信息技术的快速发展,以获取内容广泛、更新和传播速度快、交互性强等Web2.0技术特点为代表的社交媒体应用(如：微信、博客(Blog)、RSS.百科全书(Wiki)、网摘(Tag)、社会网络(SNS)、P2P、即时通信(IM)等)已在社会生活、企业中广泛使用。近年来,众多的研究结果表明社交媒体能够很好地实现企业知识管理,提升企业的竞争力。在Web2.0环境下,企业中的人、事(目标)、物(技术)彼此相互影响、相互制约、互为依存,形成了一个融合人、技术、目的的交际生态圈。在这个通过沟通交流而实现各部分彼此影响的生态圈中,研究企业使用社交媒体后组织结构和交流模式发生的变化、社交媒体如何实现企业成员间的沟通交流、社交媒体对企业的知识管理能力产生的影响及其影响因素和相互关系、企业对社交媒体应该持有的态度等方面具有重要的理论及实践意义。首先,为了解本研究的现状,文章分别从国、内外研究现状对社交媒体在企业中的应用、企业知识管理能力以及交际生态进行文献综述。结果表明尚未有利用交际生态框架来探讨社交媒体对企业知识管理能力的影响的研究,本研究可丰富信息技术在组织中的研究和应用。其次,为构建本研究的概念模型,文章对交际生态框架进行了分析,然后考虑到本文所借鉴交际生态框架的路径,对“技术(Technology,T)→社会关系(Social Relations,S)"、“社会关系(Social Relations,S)→交流目的(Discursive Goal,D)"、“技术(Technology,T)→交流目的(Discursive Goal,D)"等方面的现有研究进行了分析。接着对“技术(Technology,T)→社会关系(Social Relations,S)→交流目的(Discursive Goal,D)"这一条路径利用社会网络方法进行了探索性研究。从而构建了社交媒体对企业知识管理能力的影响的概念模型。再次,为进一步地研究概念模型中每部分之间的关系,文章以社会网络理论、社会资本理论、知识管理理论和技术采纳接受理论作为理论基础,对社交媒体、社会关系、知识管理能力等进行变量提取、定义和测量。经分析后本研究的社交媒体用“协作共享性”、“便捷性”、“联接性”、“网络外部性”四个变量作为二级变量；社会关系用“业务交流”、“人际交流”作为二级变量；知识管理能力用“知识获取”、“知识转化”、“知识应用”作为二级变量。并从社交媒体的直接影响和间接影响、控制变量的影响等方面提出假设,构建了社交媒体对企业知识管理能力影响的关系模型。然后,为了验证论文所构建的模型是否有效,文章选取IT企业作为调研对象,在问卷设计、问卷前测的基础上,形成论文最终的调查问卷。此后,对收集的数据进行信度效度检验、描述性统计分析、正态分布检验、验证性因子分析、方差分析,并利用AMOS对结构方程模型进行了分析以及拟合,得到修正后的“基于交际生态框架的社交媒体对企业知识管理能力影响”的研究模型,之后,对本章的数据分析结果进行讨论。最后,文章根据研究结果提出企业对社交媒体的使用态度、选取、如何使用、企业内社会关系的管理、企业知识管理系统的设计与实施等方面的对策与建议。本研究的创新之处包括以下三点：第一,交际生态框架的技术层、社会层、谈话层两两相互作用,形成循环的类生态关系。以往的研究是选择部分层面或路径、对单个或两个层而来进行研究,没有从三个层面整体的角度、利用交际生态框架来探讨社交媒体对企业知识管理能力影响的研究。本研究首先利用社会网络方法对“技术→社会关系→交流目的”这一条路径进行了探索性证实,再结合以往的研究,将人(社会关系)、事(知识管理能力)、物(社交媒体技术)三个因素构成一个统一的整体进行多因素、多层而的探究,构建了“社交媒体对知识管理能力影响的概念模型”,这突破了以往研究的局限,拓展了和丰富了交际生态框架和企业知识管理能力的研究。第二,以往对社交媒体、社会关系的研究,没有针对其对企业知识管理能力的影响来进行,因而没有全面的对于社交媒体和社会关系的特征衡量的相应变量。结合文献和探索性研究,本文提出了“协作共享性”、“联接性”、“业务交流”、“人际交流”这四个新的变量。并且根据研究主题,以“协作共享性”、“便捷性”、“联接性”、“网络外部性”衡量“社交媒体”的特征；以“业务交流”、“人际交流”衡量企业中“社会关系”的特征。新变量的提出和证实可为相关的研究提供新的参考和借鉴。第三,以往没有社交媒体对知识管理能力影响的研究。本研究在变量提取基础上,构建了“基于交际生态框架的社交媒体对企业知识管理能力影响”的研究模型,并选取IT企业作为实证对象,验证了各变量之间的多层次和多路径的关联关系,发现了社交媒体对企业知识管理能力的具体影响因素、路径和机制,包括社交媒体中不同变量对知识管理能力的直接影响,和通过社会关系对知识管理能力的间接影响,以及产权性质这一控制变量的作用,这可揭示出社交媒体对知识管理能力作用的本质,为提高企业的知识管理能力提供新的视角和路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of computer technology, modern communication technology and information technology, social media applications featuring the wide range of information accessing, fast updating and transmission, strong interactivity have been widely adopted in various of enterprises and even people’s social life at large. The social media is based on Web2.0 technology and the applications widely adopted today include Wechat, Blog, RSS, Wiki, Tag, SNS, P2P and Instant Messaging (IM). Over the past years, a significant number of research has demonstrated that social media can enhance an enterprise’s knowledge management capacity and foster its competitiveness. Under the context of Web2.0, people, things (objectives) and objects (technology) in an enterprise establish an interdependent relationship of mutual influence and restriction, hence forming a communicative ecology circle combining the people, technology and objectives together. Within this communicative ecology circle where mutual influence is achieved through communication, a research to study the changes of organization structures and communication patterns in enterprises after using social media, how social media facilitates communication among the members within, the influence of social media on the enterprise’s knowledge management capacity, the influential factors and the mutual relationship, as well as the enterprise’s attitudes towards the wide use of social media is of both theoretical and practical importance.This dissertation, in order to understand the state of arts of the topic, broadly explored wide range of literatures, domestic and abroad, to study the deployment of social media among enterprises, knowledge management capacity and the communicative ecology circle. It is concluded that no previous studies conducted to explore the influence of social media on the enterprise knowledge management capacity by means of communicative ecology framework and the study hence enriches the research and application of information technology among organizations.To build our conceptual model of study, this dissertation analyzes the communicative ecology framework with its paths of studies. These analysis focused on "Technology (T)→ Social Relations (S)", "Social Relations (S)→iscursive Goal (D)", "Technology (T)→ Discursive Goal (D)" in line with the roadmap of the communicative ecology framework. An explorative study conducted afterwards to research a new approach, i.e. "Technology (T)→ Social Relations (S)→Discursive Goal (D)" by using social networking service analysis. The conceptual model to study the influence of social media on enterprise’s knowledge management capacity has been constructed based on above research efforts.In order to better study the interrelationship of the various parts of the conceptual model, this dissertation extracts, defines, and measures variables from the social media, social relations, and knowledge management capacity. The fundamental theories to support the study are those of Social Network Theory, Social Capital Theory, Knowledge Management Theory and the Theory of Technology Adoption and Acceptance. Upon the analysis, this research identifies "Collaborative Sharing", "Convenience", "Connectivity", and "Network Externality" as the four secondary variables in the social media; "Business Communication" and "Interpersonal Communication" as the two secondary variables in social relations, "Knowledge Acquisition", "Knowledge Transfer", and "Knowledge Application" as the three secondary variables in knowledge management capacity. A hypothesis concerning the direct and indirect influence of social media as well as the influence of the control variables has been proposed and the research model to study the influence of social media on the enterprise’s knowledge management capacity constructed.In order to test the effectiveness of the constructed conceptual model, the study selected some IT enterprises as the research objects. Final research questionnaire is completed based on the questionnaire design and pilot research. The reliability and validity test, descriptive statistical analysis, normal distribution examination, confirmatory factor analysis, and variance analysis are conducted on the data collected. AMOS is also employed to analyze and fit the structural equation model; and consequently confirms the revised research model which is based on the communicative ecology framework and serves to study the influence of social media on the enterprises’knowledge management capacity. A discussion concerning the analysis of the data collected in this study has been presented.Finally this dissertation has put forward some strategies and suggestions, depending on the research results, in such areas as the attitudes towards, selection and use of the social medial in the enterprises, the enterprises internal social relations management, as well as the design and implementation of the enterprises’ knowledge management system.The innovation of this article can be demonstrated in the following three fields:1 The technological layer, social layer, and discursive layer of a communicative ecological framework are interacted with each other and form a circular relationship like those in an ecosphere. Previous researches focused on aspects of single layer or just two layers, or partial layer or paths rather than the approach to take the three layers as a whole to explore the impact of social media to enterprise KM (knowledge management) capacity based on the communicative ecological framework. This study, for the first time, undertook an exploratory verification on the path Technology→ Social Relations → Discursive Goal, by means of social network method; a conceptual model of social media impact on KM capacity is constructed to study the unified entirety incorporated from three factors of People (Social Relations), Business (KM Capacity) and Object (Social Media Techniques) in ways of multi-factors and multi-folds. This goes beyond the boundary of previous studies, extends and enriches the area of Communicative Ecological Framework and Enterprise KM Capacity.2 Without taking into account the influence of social media and social relations on enterprise KM capacity, previous studies fail to measure the comprehensive features of social media and social relations with relevant variables. Based on the literature review and the exploratory research, this thesis proposes four new variables:"Collaborative Sharing", "Connectivity", "Business Communication", and "Interpersonal Communication". In line with the research theme, this study evaluates the features of social media in terms of "Collaborative Sharing", "Convenience", "Connectivity", and "Network Externality" and the features of the "Social Relations" in terms of "Business Communication" and "Interpersonal Communication". The proposal and the verification of the new variables can provide reference to other relevant research.3 There was rarely any research conducted to explore the impact of social media on KM capacity before. Based on the features extraction, a model of study in this research is constructed as "Influence of Social Media on Enterprise KM Capacity in the Context of Communicative Ecological Framework "; IT enterprises are selected in the empirical study to verify the correlation of each variables in all respects of multi-layers and multi-paths; specific influence factors, paths and mechanism of social media to enterprise KM capacity are discovered including a) the direct impact of variables of social media to the enterprise KM capacity, b) the indirect impact of variables of social relations to the enterprise KM capacity, c) the functions of the nature of property rights as the control variable. This result will help uncover the essence of social media to KM capacity and provide new perspectives and ways to enhance the knowledge management capacity of an enterprise.更多还原