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新世纪报告文学：传承、突破与困扰
【作者】 梁志群；
【导师】 王又平；
【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2014， 博士
【摘要】 本文选取新世纪头一个十五年的报告文学作为考察对象,对这一独特文学样式的整体面貌、发展态势、创作思想、内在追求与艺术表现等方面,进行深入分析、集中梳理与综合把握,试图对新世纪报告文学的发展轨迹和文体流变作出自己的初步思考与判断。新世纪的报告文学,在文学传统与创作思想上,表现出对早期经典报告文学和新时期优秀报告文学内在精神的传承,延续了作为报告文学文体的灵魂与生命的“真实性”追求与“非虚构写作”。这种“真实性”、“干预生活”的文体特性,在新世纪的报告文学创作中,表现依然明显,既是报告文学文体特性的坚守,也是报告文学社会功能的延伸。比如反映社会现实的认知功能,宣泄社会情绪的疏导功能,以及满足读者好奇心理的大众消费功能。在传承的同时,新世纪报告文学也有显著的突破。比如作家选取题材的领域继续开拓,触及与探入新世纪社会生活的每一个角落,不留空白,不设禁区,几乎实现全覆盖。在题材领域不断开拓的同时,对重大事件人物、重大社会问题,作家持续关注,重拳出击,及时回应读者与社会的热点和焦点。另外,在立足现实生活的同时,也出现了一批继承新时期“史志报告文学”传统的历史题材新作,对历史真相和史实内幕有了新的发掘。新世纪报告文学在审美风格上,有了令人瞩目的崭新变化。主要表现在语言风格的变化与成熟,理性与思想的穿透力加强,表达方式的多元多样化。尤其是新世纪报告文学在叙事模式上的探索,成绩尤为显著。如报告文学的“宏大叙事”与“国家叙述”,报告文学创作的“平民化视角”与“知识分子写作”。新世纪报告文学所受到的困扰与干扰,问题同样突出。究其原因,首先是社会生态变化的挤压,市场经济的冲击加大,传播方式的竞争加剧,迫使报告文学的生长空间与写作方式发生改变。其次是文体界限的模糊,使报告文学的文体自觉无法达成,创作自由无法实现,甚至影响到报告文学存在的价值与合法性。再次是报告文学创作的难度与风险加大,以及权力的“招安”与利益的诱惑,使报告文学的批判品格出现弱化与退化。本文尝试对新世纪报告文学的特征作出简要辨析,对其创作态势作出粗浅概括,并就新世纪的报告文学的创作发展与未来走势作出初步描述与判断,期望以此对新世纪的报告文学的创作与研究,提供些许有益的思考与补益。
【Abstract】 This article selects the first fifteen years of reportage in the new century as study object, the overall appearance, the development trend of this unique style, creative ideas, internal with external performance, etc., an in-depth analysis, carding and comprehensive grasp, attempts to the trajectory of reportage in the new century style and rheological preliminary thinking and make your own judgment.Reportage in the new century, on the literature tradition and creation thought, show the classic of early stage and inner spiritual heritage, excellent reportage in the new period lasted as the soul of the reportage style and the "truth" of life pursuit and "non-fiction writing". Interfering the "authenticity","life" stylistic features, in the report of the new century literary creation, performance is still obvious, is not only the stylistic features of reportage stick to, and report an extension of the social function of literature. Reflects the social reality of cognitive function, for example, unleashing the social mood guidance function, and satisfy the readers curious about the psychological function of mass consumption, and so on.At the same time of inheritance, reportage in the new century has significant breakthrough. Writer choose subject areas continue to develop, for example, involved into every corner of social life in the new century, leave blank, do not set the box, almost achieve full coverage. Continuously developed in the field of material at the same time, the characters of major events, major social problems, the writer continues to focus on, punch, timely response to the hotspot and focus of the reader and society. In addition, in based on real life at the same time, also appeared a batch of inheritance "Chronicles report literature" in the new period of traditional historical themes, the historical truth and inside a new cutting.Reportage in aesthetic style in the new century, with remarkable new change. Mainly manifested in the change of language style and mature, rational and thought the penetrating power of strengthening, expression of multiple diverse. Especially the exploration of reportage on the narrative pattern in the new century, performance is particularly obvious. Such as reportage of the "grand narrative" and "country narration", reportage creation of "civilian perspective" and "intellectual writing".Of reportage in the new century with interference, the problem also outstanding. Investigate its reason, the first is the social ecological changes of extrusion, increasing the impact of market economy, spreading way of increasing competition, forcing the growth space and writing of reportage change. Followed by the ambiguity between style, make the style of reportage cannot be reached, consciously creative freedom cannot be achieved, even affect the reportage is of value and legitimacy. Again is to report the difficulty and risk of literary creation, as well as the power to harness the temptation of interests, make the critical character of reportage is eroding and degradation.This article try to differentiate and analyze the characteristics of the reportage in the new century to make a brief, to its creation situation briefly summarized, and the future development of reportage in the new century to make a preliminary judgment, expect to the creation and study of reportage in the new century to provide beneficial thinking and help.