【作者】 韩轶；

【导师】 周叶中；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 宪法与行政法学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 民族主义是学术领域一个具有开放性并极富争议的命题。不仅不存在一个统一的关于民族主义的理论,更没有以学术传统为依据的民族主义学流派。尽管民族主义本身歧异丛生,但民族主义的核心观念仍是明确的。本文试图从民族与国家这两个民族主义的基本构成要素出发,对民族主义与宪政之间的关联进行梳理。本文认为,作为一项政治学理论,民族主义学说在一定程度上反映了宪政的历史与现状；作为一种文化样态,民族主义是宪政制度的文化基础之一；作为一支重要的政治力量,民族主义更参与了宪政形成与发展的全过程。全文通过四章论证上述主题：第一章,从民族主义概念入手,阐明民族主义复杂的理论层面,并针对民族主义运动所极易呈现的极端表现进行分析。在此基础上,本文对民族主义采取了一种偏向现代主义的理解模式,将近代民族的形成与民族国家的兴起视为民族主义的起点。由此,民族主义为我们提供的“用以应对和处理国家权力的合法性、政府和社会以及个人之间关系”的思维方式和制度设计思路都将对宪政的建立与发展产生影响。第二章,以民族国家历史演进以及民族主义观念变化为视角,认为在社会结构变迁下诞生的民族主义是近代西欧民族国家建构的根本动力,也是宪政赖以生长的历史前提；民族国家建立之后,民族主权观念向人民主权观念过渡,以身份归属为中心的民族认同已经成为宪政实施的意向条件,宪政由此被标注了民族主义的观念印记。民族主义观念的分化实则为国家的权力构造和权力治理提供了充分的自由空间,宪政理论则致力于在其中求得平衡。第三章,基于民族主义立场,关注对自由主义宪政的价值自省和修正。民族主义价值观与宪政精神之间的内在张力确为自由主义价值与民族主义价值相异的表现。但民族主义与自由主义不仅共生,更可共融,与其说两者存在冲突与排斥,不如说它们在张力中相互依存。民族主义对“特殊性”的关注更是对自由主义宪政理念的重要补充。本文认为,在各种价值诉求之间建立均衡,方才为宪政观念与实践不断进行价值修正和自我完善之道。第四章,将视角转向宪政的未来,宪政对民族主义价值诉求的应对也即文化认同与制度认同之间的协调问题。民族主义将构建文化多元的团结社会纳入宪政诉求,这也要求在立宪主义下实现民族与国家关系重整：民族主义向文化领域回归的同时,也作为一种文化样态推进着国家政治认同与宪法认同。近代中国民族国家建构过程中自由主义的缺位造成宪政发展困阻重重,但对于宪政理念内涵而言,民族主义仍是一种必需品。有鉴于此,本文认为宪政在自由主义价值注入的前提下,求得在自由主义价值诉求与民族主义价值诉求间的妥协,实为我们认知民族主义与宪政之间关联的意义所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nationalism is always an extremely disputed subject in the field of academic. In fact, there is no comprehensive theory system about Nationalism, or in the field of academic school which based on tradition either. Even though it pervades all kinds of definitions presently, the fundamental conception of the nationalism is quite positively. Proceeding from the basal composing elements of nation and country, this thesis intends to tidy up the relationship between constitutionalism and nationalism. The author argues that, as one of the important topic in political science, the nationalism theory, to some extent, is a reflection of history and the present situation of constitutionalism; as a cultural pattern, the nationalism is one of the bases of constitutional structure; as a significant political force, nationalism takes an active part in the entire course of formation and development proceeding of constitutionalism.ChapterⅠbegins with defining the notion of nationalism, to clarify the complex theory of nationalism, and do analyze the extreme performance that the nationalist movement easily assumed to be. This thesis, based on this conclusion, adopted the comprehension pattern that embraces the bias towards modernism. The formation of modern nation and the rise of nation-states are considered as the starting point of nationalism. The thinking patterns or system design of "solution to the legality of state power, appropriate relationship between government, society and individual" is provided by nationalism, which can influence the establishment and development of constitutionalism.From the visual angle of the historical evolution of nation-states and the changes of nationalism concept, chapterⅡdeems that, the changes of social construction gave birth to nationalism, on which was the historical presupposition for the growth of constitutionalism depends; after the nation-states established, with the concepts transition from national sovereignty to "sovereignty belongs to the people", the national identification, which took the Identity belonging as the center, has become the intention-premise of constitutionalism implementation, thereby, constitutionalism is impressed with nationalism. That differentiation of nationalism ideas has left adequate space to build and administer the state power, and thus a balance is obtained within it by constitutionalism.ChapterⅢlays heavy stress on value self-correction of liberal constitutionalism, which based on nationalism position. inner tension that between the nationalism values and constitutionalism is indeed provide the basis of the different ideas between Nationalism and Liberalism. It seems that Nationalism and Liberalism are interdependent and mutual promotion, rather than mutually exclusive. The concentration that nationalism focuses on the particularity is the necessary supplementary to liberal constitutionalism. The thesis argues that only various values and pursuit were brought into such balance is the exact path to self-improvement of constitutionalism.ChapterⅣlooks forward to the future of constitutionalism, the pursuit of nationalism values that constitutionalism cope with, is as same as the coordination between culture recognition and system recognition. The pursuit that to build a multi-cultural and cohesive society will been incorporated in constitutionalism values, to reorganize the relationship between Nation and State under constitutionalism will also be asked:Nationalism, as a cultural formation, while it return to the field of culture, will promote the country’s political identity and constitutional recognition. During the formation of nation-state in modern china, the liberalism absence have contributed to the present predicament of constitutional development, however, nationalism is also viewed as an essential element to constitutionalism quality. For this purpose, the authors hold that, it was put forward that infusing liberalism values into constitutionalism, then reach a compromise between liberalism and nationalism. Needless to say, it will be great significance for us to clarify the relevance between nationalism and constitutionalism.更多还原