【作者】 类维顺；

【导师】 赵英兰；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2014， 博士

【副题名】以东北绘画艺术为例

【摘要】 本文运用历史学、美术学、社会学等学科理论与方法，通过东北绘画艺术的个案考察，揭示中国美术文化的整体状况，具体内容如下：一、论述近代中国美术文化的流变历程。首先阐释美术文化的定义，其次论述中国美术文化与中国传统文化相互影响、相互作用的关系，最后阐释在中西文化的冲击下，中国美术文化的转型，指出近代中国政治经济的发展尤其是城市化进程的加深，为东北地方美术的孕育发展提供了良好的社会环境；而物质生活的进步、社会新风尚的萌蘖、新的生活方式的形成、审美趣味的转变，也深刻影响到了中国美术的近代化历程，传统美术文化受到冲击，现代美术文化迅速发展，并呈现出多样化的特征。二、主要论述民国时期东北地区的绘画艺术状况，认为民初以后，东北传统绘画勃兴，取得了一定的成绩，促进了东北地方美术的发展，但这些画作艺术观念陈旧、表现手法单一，不能满足时代的要求；民国时期东北绘画艺术的发展具有鲜明的阶段性，大致可分为“繁荣期”、“高速期”、“中兴期”、“多元期”四个阶段。三、论述民国时期东北画家群体。西方新式思潮和新式绘画手法的不断传入中国东北地区，但是东北画家无论是师承和绘画内容都保持着浓厚的传统画派特色。东北画家群的职业除画家外，仍有官员，社会活动家，革命者等。尤其指出革命家以画作作为宣传革命的新手段。东北画坛几位领袖人物的作品具有四个特点：一是种类齐全，较重形式；二是重温宋、元绘画，学习西洋画法；三是商业气息浓重；四是注重绘画本身。1919年以后，东北出现了两种传统绘画流派，各自成立社团，此外，也有一批画家提倡现代绘画。但总体来看，这一时期东北美术的理论来源是相当匮乏的。四、主要论述民国时期东北地区绘画的特色，首先民国时期东北绘画艺术呈现出社会性的特征，主要表现在社会文化、社会阶层、社会经济、社会变迁等社会因子对东北绘画艺术的影响；其次，民国时期东北绘画艺术具有时代性的特征，不同时期的绘画，其艺术形式、蕴含的思想等诸多方面是各不相同的，但有时代的传承与流变性；最后，民国时期东北绘画艺术呈现出地域性的特征，东北社会是一个移民性很强的社会，其文化构成既有土著的少数民族文化，又有关内多区域的汉族文化，文化的交融使得该区域的绘画艺术也呈现出鲜明的地域性特征，是一种地域的汇集。五、主要论述民国东北美术文化的影响。东北美术文化的发展促进了美术学科的确立，也加快了该领域学术研究的起步；同时，认为近代东北美术风格的变异是中国社会政治、经济、文化变革的产物，它打破了封建时代美术宣教的传统，有助于旧思想的破除和新思想的传播；另外，也对艺术的时代特征与美术史观的当代性进行了探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reveals the overall situation of Chinese fine arts culture through thecase study of the northeast painting art in approach of history, fine arts, sociology andso on. The following is the specific content:The first part discusses on the chang of the modern Chinese art culture. Firstlyexplaining the definition of art culture, secondly discussing the influence each otherbetween the Chinese fine arts culture and Chinese traditional culture, finallyinterpreting the transformation under the impact of the Chinese and westernculture.The development of modern politics and economy in China provided a goodsocial environment for the development of the northeast local arts. The progress ofmaterial life and the formation of a new way of life, deeply influenced themodernization of Chinese fine arts history, meanwhile, traditional art culture andmodern art culture also influenced by them, showing the characteristics ofdiversification.The second part mainly discusses the situation of the northeast painting duringthe period of the republic of China. The rise of traditional painting promoted thedevelopment of the northeast local art, but the idea of the paintings art was obsoleteand the expression was single, which could not satisfy the request of the ages. Thedevelopment of the northeast painting art was staged during the period of the republicof China, which could be roughly divided into four stages.The third part mainly discusses the group of northeast painters during the periodof the republic of China. Though western paintings of the new trend and newtechnique of northeast was introduced into China, the northeast painters stillmaintained a strong tradition of painting. The career of the northeast painters wasprofessional painters, officials, social activists, revolutionaries, and so on. It especiallypointed out that the revolutionaries took painting as a new means to publicize revolution. The works of the northeast painters had four characteristics: the specieswas well-found and paying attention to the form; reviewing the paintings in Song andYuan dynasty, learning western paintings; Commercial element was strong; payingattention to the painting itself. It appeared two traditional painting genres in northeastafter1919, which established communities. In addition, there were a group of paintersadvocating modern painting. Overall, the theory source of the northeast art was veryscarce in this period.The fourth part mainly discusses the characteristics of the northeast painting artduring the period of the republic of China. First of all, the northeast painting artpresented the social characteristics during the period of the republic of China, mainperformance was the influence on the northeast painting art by social culture, socialclass, social economy, social change. Secondly, the northeast painting art had thecharacteristics of the times during the period of the republic of China. Finally, thenortheast painting art showed the regional characteristics during the period of therepublic of China, the northeast was an immigrant society, its culture constituted bothindigenous ethnic culture and the area of the han nationality culture, cultural blendmade the painting art of the region to present a distinct regional characteristics.The fifth part mainly discusses the influence of the art culture during the periodof the republic of China. The development of northeast art culture promoted theestablishment of the fine arts discipline, also sped up the start of the academicresearch in this field. The variation of the northeast art style was the product of thechang in social political, social economic and social culture. It broke the feudal age oftraditional art education, helping to break old ideas and spread new ideas. In addition,this part also discusses the era characteristics of art and the contemporaneity of arthistory.更多还原