【作者】 李晓丽；

【导师】 乔以钢；

【作者基本信息】 南开大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 20世纪80年代后期以来，“日常生活叙事”成为中国当代文学的一个突出特征。其中，“新生代”小说由于对当代生活的近距离、多方位、多层面书写成为当代日常生活叙事的重要代表。而当代女性日常生活叙事具有展现当代生活世界图景与颠覆男性文化权威的双重意义。因此，本文将“新生代”女作家的日常生活叙事确定为研究对象。论文在中国现当代女性文学的日常生活叙事传统和当代文化对日常生活的多向关注背景下，以“新生代”男作家的日常生活叙事为参照，展开对“新生代”女作家的日常生活叙事的梳理与批评。“新生代”女作家的代表作品表明，她们对当代日常生活的书写主要在两个维度上呈现。一方面，她们与“新生代”男作家共同展示当代物质社会和消费社会场景中的新质，包括物质追求和欲望图景，当代人爱情、婚姻的变异以及它们对当代人精神状态产生的影响。但与男作家注重宏观、理性的观察与提炼不同，“新生代”女作家更注重对其渐变过程进行追踪，并在这一过程中呈现出丰富的女性生命感受。另一方面，她们深入体味日常生活的恒常、稳定、温情与丰厚给女性生命带来的温暖和寄托，思考人伦亲情对女性成长的意义与局限，追问爱情婚姻伦理中爱与欲的关系。“新生代”女作家在进行日常生活书写的过程中，还呈现出审美表达方面的特点，不同角度感性话语的建构增强了作品的日常性“质感”与女性韵味。“新生代”女作家的日常生活叙事在当代文学中呈现出独有的意义，但是这一批作家由于宏大历史背景的缺失与创作青春期的局限，小说也存在开掘不深、单调重复、女性意识混沌不明等缺陷，她们的创作还有待于从思想境界和审美层面做进一步的提升。论文分为七个部分，其中正文部分有五章。引言部分首先明确本文的研究对象，阐释“新生代”、“日常生活”等相关概念，同时也对已有研究成果和相关研究现状、存在的问题进行梳理，阐述论文的研究目标与基本思路。第一章就不同历史阶段中国女性文学创作对日常生活的呈现加以梳理，藉以呈现“新生代”女作家日常生活写作的文学背景。具体涉及“五四”新文学到20世纪40年代女性日常生活叙事与启蒙、革命的复杂关系，1949年以后女性日常生活叙事与主流意识形态之间的纠结，以及在这一动态过程中女性写作如何呈现日常生活与女性生存之间的冲突与和解。第二章探讨“新生代”女作家的物质书写。其中包括辨析小说中不同女性人物的“恋物”情结，分析女性如何通过对“物”的钟情与经营体会生命的丰厚，寻找生命的恒常。同时以“新生代”男作家的创作为参照，对“新生代”女作家小说中用女性身体换取物质的现象进行了剖析。第三章主要分析和呈现“新生代”女作家在日常人伦情感方面的书写。考察“新生代”女作家如何通过特定的途径回到对日常人伦情感的关注，分析其作品中的父女、母女关系、姐妹情谊和“血亲禁忌”，关注其在人伦情感的表达中对非理性的挖掘。第四章考察“新生代”女作家对当代欲望场景和情爱困境的表达。这方面内容具体体现为对女性欲望奇观的展示，也体现为对当代情爱婚姻生活中爱与性的分离、爱与欲的纠缠、技术时代的爱情想象的艺术表现。同时，本章分析了女性作品中如何以空间化的方式展示婚姻的困境，以及日常化生存对爱情婚姻理想的解构等。第五章对“新生代”女作家审美表达方面的特点进行分析。“新生代”女作家对日常生活的书写呈现出对女性叙事话语不同方向的试探。包括对女性“个人型叙述声音”的强调，对“闲聊体”与“闲话体”的文体尝试，以及对“气息”、“迷雾”等生活“杂质”的提取等。这些方式使她们小说中日常生活的表达更加感性化、生活化。结语部分概括全文，认为大部分“新生代”女作家的创作仍具有女性“青春写作”的痕迹；肯定其日常生活叙事对当代女性写作关注当下、回归本土性、认同传统文学因素等方面提供的有益思考和参照；指出其在思想内涵、审美表达方面的不足，对其进一步提升寄予期待。更多还原

【Abstract】 From1980s till now,“Daily Life Narration” has been a prominent feature ofmodern literature.“New Generation” novels present this trend more vividly frommulti-channels and various perspectives.“Daily Life Narration” has dual meaningin demonstrating the outlook of modern life and overturning males’ dominance inculture field. Therefore, this thesis sets “Daily Life Narration” of the “NewGeneration” female writers as the target. By choosing traditional patterns of “DailyLife Narration” in modern and contemporary China and deep concern upon the dailylife as its research background, this thesis conducts analysis around the “NewGeneration” female writers and criticism at “Daily Life Narration”, comparing withthat of the male writers.The “New Generation” female writers show their daily life narration mainly intwo dimensions: on one hand, they focus on the transformation of people’s spiritunder the pressure of pursuit of desire and challenge to love in marriage rather thanon a broad view and with reason and abstraction as male writers. In this way, theypresent their profound understanding to the life. On the other hand, by tasting thewarmth and safety taken from the daily life, the female writers rethink the importanceof ethical meaning to the maturation of females and analyze love and lust in marriage.During narration, they present the aesthetical feature and its feminine tone byselecting the feminine discourses to develop their novels.“Daily Life Narration” needs to be upgraded both in ideology and aesthetic. Thatthese female writers set their role in this field is meaningful, simultaneously, theirfaults are obvious such as lack of broad background, duration of their features anddepth of their themes etc.The thesis consists of seven chapters, five of which are the main contents.The target is the beginning part in introduction chapter, then through analyzingthe related conception such as “daily life”, the writer shows the framework and itspurpose by analyzing related research and the main problems existed in this field.The first chapter surveys the various aspects of Chinese female literature through different periods and complicated factors involved such as revolution, Enlightmentand so on. Simultaneously, the conflict (after1949) between narration of female dailylife and mainstream ideology is also discussed. Then the writer tries to findcompromise between showing the daily life and the survival of female independencein female literature.The second chapter discusses how the female writers focus “Material” todistinguish the depth of different “Material complex”. They find the “permanent”humanity among common people by accumulating “Material”. Then, this chapteranalyzes the “prostitute” thinking expressed in female writers’ works taking malewriters as comparison.The third chapter presents the ethic exploration of “new generation” writers,such as the way to write childhood or adolescence, to reveal the complicated relationbetween family members under the precondition of fading out political and historicalbarriers. In this way the sensibility in humanity becomes the feature.The fourth chapter focuses the dilemma in modern relationships. The logicthinking in relationships and efforts to reconcile personal ethic value with that of thesociety are found as their observing angle by the female writers. In this chapter, howspace used to show the dilemma in relationships by the female writers and how dailylife spoiled the ideal love and marriage are analyzed.The fifth chapter analyses the way these female writers express their estheticvalue. The female writers probe their writing models in various aspects including thesound of the heroin, choosing “gossip” as their writing style etc. Their works presentmore realistic and sensible tone by using above mentioned techniques.The conclusion: The representative feature of the “New Generation” femalewriter lies in daily life narration. This thesis points out the advantages of these femalewriters such as focusing on the reality and developing their plot with common senseto show her expectation to the female writers, while rethinking their want of depthboth in humanity exploration and observing view as well.更多还原