【作者】 熊英灼；

【导师】 廖永安；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 民事司法证明活动在一定程度上来说就是围绕主体间权利义务如何配置而逐步展开的，对民事证明程序的控制实际上是指在民事司法证明活动中，当事人与法官（院）的作用与功能的分担。民事证明程序的控制机制是支撑整个民事司法证明活动的基本构架，它反映了民事证明法律关系中最主要的主体——当事人与法官在民事司法证明活动中的作用分担。民事证明程序的控制机制是民事证据法律制度的纲，民事证据制度基本原则、基本制度的构建在很大程度上依赖于民事证明程序的控制机制之运行状况。现行民事证据制度改革的重点内容也就是不断调整、协调当事人与法官（院）在民事司法证明活动中控制权限的分配，在保障当事人各项权利的同时强调法官公权力对证明程序的控制，以形成当事人与法官之间的合作协同关系。本文通过对控制权限如何在证明程序控制主体间进行游移的考察，探讨当事人与法官之间围绕案件事实的探究与认定所形成的相互作用关系。从我国的司法实践出发，合理分配当事人与法官在民事证明程序中的控制权限，为两种权能的结合寻找科学可行的平衡点，形成解决事实争议的互动机制，是符合我国司法改革的现实需要的。本文通过对传统认识论与证明方式的质疑和反叛来重新认识与分析民事司法证明活动，挖掘出影响民事证明程序推进的多方制约因素，合理分配当事人与法官对民事证明程序的控制权限，以达到平和的互动，从而推进民事司法证明活动的顺利进行。本文具体分为五个部分，简略摘要如下：第一部分是绪论。主要是从选题的角度对研究的时代背景、研究意义、研究思路和方法、创新点以及基本问题的厘清等内容进行阐述，以展示本文具体内容背后的思考，为全文的研究提供一个背景，从而更加深入地体现本文具体内容编排和它们之间的关联。第二部分是民事证明程序控制机制的基本理论。主要是从民事证明程序的概念入手，分析民事证明程序的主体及过程，为民事证明程序控制机制的研究做好必要的铺垫。通过对民事证明程序控制机制根本动因和本质的探讨，在法对主体权利（力）配置及诉讼主体理论的指引下，分析当事人和法官二元主体的程序控制权限，从而总结归纳出民事证明程序控制机制中的多元价值取向。第三部分是民事证明程序控制机制的历史演变过程。主要是在分析民事证明程序演进过程的基础上探究程序主体控制行为之间存在的关系，即从历史发展的角度来分析民事证明程序与控制两者之间的关系。通过对中古时期的法定裁判和近现代时期的证据主义裁判这两个司法证明发展阶段的研究，深入剖析法定证据制度时期、自由心证证据制度时期和内心确信证据制度时期的民事证明程序控制机制之发展轨迹，从而详细梳理出民事证明程序控制机制历史演变的本质规律和基本特点。第四部分是二元主体在民事证明程序控制机制中的相互作用。通过多元化系统目标和评价维度的指引，在民事证明程序的有机整体中对当事人和法官在证据收集、事实探究和事实认定等过程中控制权的分配进行探讨，使得民事证明程序控制机制的实践特征得以显现。通过厘清法律真实与客观真实的争议，深入分析了民事证明程序控制权限在二元主体之间的分配情况，较为客观全面地展现了我国民事证明程序控制机制的运行现状。第五部分是民事证明程序控制机制的完善。通过对真理、价值和实践之辩证统一关系的考察，认为民事证明程序控制机制的完善应当以马克思主义认识论和价值论的圆融为理论基础，并通过对古代中国的“法治”思想、近代法律移植以及民众法治心理的分析来重塑现代法治文化，以期实现民事证明程序控制机制的完善。通过对民事证据法律制度多层次目的的探讨，提出了民事证明程序控制平衡应遵循合规律性与合目的性的统一，公共利益与个人利益的统一，兼顾多样与突出重点的统一，择优与代价的统一等基本原则。更多还原

【Abstract】 The civil evidence system, to some extend, focuses on adjusting the configuration ofthe rights and obligations among the legal subjects, and the control of civil evidenceprocedure basically refers to, during the course of civil judicial evidence, the configurationof the functions between the judge/court and the parties. The cybernetics of civil evidenceprocedure control is the basic supporting framework of the civil judicial evidenceprocedure, which reflects the usage configuration between the parties and the judge, whoare the main subjects in the legal relation of civil evidence procedure. The cybernetics ofcivil evidence procedure is the guiding principle of civil evidence system, the basicprinciple and system of it, to a great extent, depends on the function of the cybernetics, sothe main point of the civil evidence system reform is to adjust the judge’s public powertowards evidence procedures to form coordinate relations between the litigant and thejudge. By investigating drifts among subjects, civil evidence procedure tends to inquireinto mutual relations between the litigant and the judge formed by investigation andidentification of related cases. It is necessary to distribute reasonably the controllingpower between the litigant and the judge and find the balance of the combination of thepower and rights and form a mutual mechanism to solve the controversy for the judicialreformation. The author, by questioning the traditional epistemology and proving methodto re-recognizing and analyzing the civil evidence movement, and find out somerestricting factors influencing the civil evidence procedure, and distribute the controllingpower reasonably so that the civil evidence movement can proceed fluently. In this paper,there are five parts as the following: the first part is a preface, which is mainly about thetime background, studying significance, studying train of thought and method, new ideasand the basic problems to show how the author think and give a background for this paper,which can reflects the lay-out of the contents and the relations between them. The secondpart is about the basic theory of cybernetics of civil evidence procedure. By starting fromthe concepts of the civil evidence procedure, the author analyzed the subject andprocedure of it, and pave the way for the study. By discussing the original motion andnature, and being guided by the configuration of the rights or power by law and thelawsuit subject theory, the author analyzed the power limits of controlling the procedure ofthe dualistic subject of the parties and judges and make the conclusion of the multivariatevalue of the above-mentioned cybernetics. The third part is about the historic evolvement of the above-mentioned cybernetics. The author studies the relationship among the actionsof procedure control of the subjects, and also from the angle of historic development, theauthor analyzes the relationship between the procedure and controlling of civil evidence.By studying the two judicial proving development phases of medieval period statuaryjudgment and the modern times’ evidence judgment, analyzing deeply the developmentcourse of civil evidence procedure of the period of statuary evidence system, the principleof free intention and the inner conviction so as to find out the naturally regular pattern andbasic features of the civil evidence cybernetics’ historic evolution. The fourth part is aboutthe integrated function of the dualistic subjects in the cybernetics of civil provingprocedure. Being guided by the multivariate systematic purpose and evaluation dimension,the author discusses about the controlling power distribution between the parties and judgeduring the procedure of evidence collection, facts investigation and facts confirmation soas to show the characteristics of this cybernetics. Through distinguishing controversy ofthe legal truth and the objective truth, the author analyzes deeply the situation of thecontrolling power between the dualistic subjects and demonstrates objectively all-roundthe functioning situation of the above-mentioned cybernetics. The fifth part is aboutperfecting above-mentioned cybernetics. By inquiring the dialectical unity theory of truth,value and practice, the author believes that we should perfect this cybernetics throughrecreating the culture of rule of law by analyzing, based on the integrating the Marxisttheory of recognition and value, the ancient China’s thought of rule of law, modern legaltransplantation and civilians’ legal psychology. By discussing the civil evidence systemfrom multi level angle, the author bring up the basic principle of adhering to integratingcivil proving procedure’s regular pattern and the purpose, integrating the public interestsand the individual interests, integrating multiplicities and key elements, integrating thepreferred factors and the sacrifice.更多还原