【作者】 周莉娜；

【导师】 曲东； Qingguo Huang；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 土壤学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 降解和去除持久性有机污染物是目前控制环境污染和进行环境修复的主要课题。全氟辛酸（Perfluorooctanoic Acid，PFOA）作为最为常见的一种表面活性剂，以它不亲水也不亲油，并且物理化学性质非常稳定的特点已在工业和商业中被广泛应用，对环境和人类健康的危害作用正逐步扩大。雌二醇（Estradiol，简称E2或17β‐estradiol, oestradiol E2）作为内分泌干扰物雌激素中对环境影响和危害最大的一种，大量进入水体和土壤中，危害环境和人类健康，其去除已成为当务之急的研究课题。本研究以白腐真菌（white rot fungi, WRF）的经典菌种黄孢原毛平革菌（Phanerochaete chrysos porium Burd.，PC菌）对全氟辛酸(PFOA)和雌二醇（E2）两种有机污染物的降解规律进行研究，获得以下主要结果：（1）PFOA的加入对PC菌胞外酶活性表现出“先抑制，后促进”的作用，E2加入表现为抑制PC菌胞外酶活性。（2）PC菌对PFOA有显著的去除作用，培养35天总去除率达到50%；PC菌对E2有显著的去除作用，液相培养体系中总去除率达到95%以上，土壤培养体系中总去除率达到90%以上；菌体对PFOA和E2的吸附量很小，小于初始浓度的5%。（3）外加藜芦醇（VA）不利于PC菌对PFOA的去除。（4）E1和E3是E2降解的中间产物，并且E2降解过程中表现出“E2‐E1‐E3”的转化趋势。（5）外加葡萄糖显著促进PC菌对E2的降解，外加泥炭作用不明显。（6）液相质谱联用仪确定部分PFOA和E2的降解产物，并发现产物质核比随培养时间呈规律性变化，产物以聚合物为主，培养后期可测到少量分解产物。这为今后进一步确定它们的降解产物以及优化反应条件提供了很好的研究基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Variety of synthetic persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has become the major pollutantswhich seriously affect the quality of environment and human health. How to avoid or alleviatesuch risk of these pollutants become widespread question and the research focus.Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have been widely used in industrial and commercial asthe most common type of surfactant, for it’s not hydrophilic nor lipophilic and its very stablephysical and chemical properties. The risk of harm and environmental impact in the futurewill expand step by step. Estradiol (or17β-estradiol, oestradiol, Referred to as E2) as one ofthe most harmful risk and environmental impact estrogen has drawn great concern andattention, lots of them having been poured into the natural water and soil. It will ultimatelyaffect human health through the natural environment and the food chain. How to reduce oreffectively deal with environmental hormone pollutants is becoming an imperative researchsubjects. The research have studied the degradation and removal of Phanerochaetechrysosporium (Phanerochaete chrysos porium Burd., PC) to PFOA and E2, the main resultswere got as followed:(1) The effect of PFOA to PC extracellular enzyme activity showed “inhibition first, andthen promoting”; the effect of E2showed just “inhibition”.(2) The removal of PC to PFOA was significant, the total removal rate reaching50%forbeing cultured in35days; the removal of PC to E2is significant, the total removal ratereaching95%in liquid culture system, the removal rate reaching90%in soil culture system;the adsorption of PC to PFOA and E2was little and less than5%of the initial concentration.(3) Adding veratryl alcohol (VA) was not conducive to the degradation of PC to PFOA.(4) E1and E3were the intermediate products of E2degradation, and degradation processshowed the trend of "E2-E1-E3".(5) Adding glucose significantly promoted the degradation of PC to E2, however addingpeat did not have significant effects.(6) Have determined parts of degradation products of PFOA and E2by HPLC-MS-MS,and found some regularl pattern with the culture time; most of the products of PFOA and E2were polymer-based, and a little decomposition products can be measured in the late stage of culture time.The research of this paper has provided a good basis for further study to determine theirdegradation products and the optimization of reaction conditions.更多还原