【作者】 袁万杰；

【导师】 陈忠达；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 路用地材资源是公路建设的物质基础,路用地材的选型是工程建设项目中的关键环节,其选型的合理与否直接关系到工程的建设质量和投资造价。而路用地材选型除受工程所在区域自然地理和环境特征的影响外,还有赖于公路交通发展规划、路用地材资源开采决策、施工组织设计等环节对路用地材资源分布、储量、类型、单价、性能等的了解程度。鉴于我国目前对于路用地材资源状况的认知及研究工作尚处于起步阶段,为实现公路建设中的“质量、经济效益、社会效益与环境效益统一”的目标,根据省域公路建设发展的实际情况,在对省域路用地材资源现状及实际使用情况调查的基础上,全面掌握路用地材资源的分布特征、开采现状、技术性能、价格信息等相关参数,建立省域路用地材资源数据库,开发出能经济、合理、高效的利用路用地材资源的信息管理系统并得以推广应用就显得尤为迫切。本文以广东省自然地理和环境特征为依托,全面开展了广东省域路用地材资源调查。通过对省域内砂、石、石灰、水泥、矿粉、土和水等七大路用地材调查及试验数据的整理和分析,并针对路用地材资源开发利用对生态环境的影响,量化分析了环保对策和恢复措施的实施效果,借鉴可持续发展研究中的压力一状态一响应框架模型的构建思路,依据系统压力、系统状态和系统响应间的原因一效应一响应关系,建立了采用质量指标法和系统分析法相结合的综合指数法评价模型,分别利用压力指数(PI)、状态指数(SI)和响应指数(刚)对地材资源开发区域的生态环境影响与恢复状况进行评价,并采用层次分析法确定了模型中的指标权重,由此构建出了地材利用的生态环境影响评价方法和评价指标体系。此外,考虑到路用地材资源的分布具有断续、分散、量大的特点,而在七大路用地材资源中石灰、水泥和矿粉的生产原料及厂址选择则与岩石的分布、类型、储量等密切相关,而水资源和河砂的分布具有明显的地域特性,对区域内路用地材资源的选型影响较小。因此,选择了具有明显分散特征的岩土分布情况作为主导因素构建省域路用地材资源综合利用区域划分指标。并借助ArcGIS技术平台,根据“省域1:100万地质图”、“省域1：100万岩浆岩图”、“省域1:100万地质构造图”、“中国1：1400万土壤质地图”和“中国1：1000万第四纪地质图”等基础资料图件编绘出“省域1:200万公路岩石(体)类型图”和“省域1：200万公路土质类型图”,在此基础上,依据区域划分原则、方法和指标体系,编绘出“省域1:200万公路岩土类型图”及最终的区域划分成果“省域1:200万地材资源分区图”。最后,结合省域路用地材调查结果、地材利用的生态环境影响评价体系及省域地材资源分区情况,以ArcGIS为操作平台,利用SQL Server数据库,基于C#+ArcGIS Engine+ArcSDE建立了具有拓扑结构和分析功能、图形和非图形处理功能、提供全面具体而可靠详实基础资料及为相关部门提供智能化决策的省域路用地材资源数据库,并开发了“省域路用地材资源地理信息管理系统”,可快速查询各区域路用地材的材料类型、储藏量、运输条件、料场位置、料场名称、材料属性、价格等综合信息,实现路用地材资源的查询和综合决策。本文通过对省域路用地材资源综合利用技术的研究,为省域路用地材资源的综合开发利用技术在我国各省域的推广应用起到一定的推进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The highway building material resources are the material foundation of highway construction. It is the key link to choose highway building materials for construction projects, and the choosing is reasonable or not directly linked to the construction quality and investment. Then the influential factors to choose highway building materials reasonably not only include the geographic and environmental features which the project is in, but also depend on understanding the information of distribution, reserves, type,price, performance and so on from transportation development plan, from deciding on mining for local highway building materials and from writing construction design, etc. In view of the cognition and research to highway building material resources at present still at the starting stage, it is more urgent to comprehensive master the related parameters of highway building material resources as distribution, exploitation status, technical performance, price information and so on, to establish database of provincial highway building material resources and to develop information management system which can fully, reasonably, economically, effectively and environmentally exploit the provincial highway building material resources by surveying the resource status and practical usage situation based on provincial highway construction development. So the target of quality, economic and social and environmental benefit unity can be realized in highway construction.Based on the physical geography and environment characteristics of Guangdong, the comprehensive investigation was carried out to the highway building material resources. By the collation and system analysis of test datas to sand, rock, line, cement, slag, soid and water in Guang dong, the mathematical evaluation model of comprehensive index method which combines the quality index and systematical analysis is established drawig in the toughts for constructing framework model of pressure-state-response from sustainable development and according to the factor-effect-response relation from system pressure, system status and system response by analyzing the impact on the ecologic environment to exploit highway building material resources, and further quantifying the effect of the environmental protection measures and rehabilitation measures. Using the model the ecological environment impact and recovery condition in mining area can be evaluated by pressure index(PI), status index(SI) and response index(RI). And all indexes weight of the model is calculated with the analytic hierarchy process. From this the ecological environment impact assessment method and evaluation index system are built for exploiting highway building materials. Due to the intermittent, scattered and massive distribution of highway building material resources they are different to be surveyed. Then it will be beneficial to the survey, regional analysis and utilization on the basis of the the otherness between different regions and the similarity among the same region of highway building material resources distribution to divide investigation area. Because the raw materials and site selection of line, cement and slag are closely related to rock of distribution, type, storage, etc.The distriution of water and sand has obvious geographical features which effects less to the division of investigation area. However, the division indexes are built up as the dominant factor of rock distribution with obvious scattered characteristics. On this basis,1:200million highway rock types map of province and1:200million highway soil types map of province are compiled utilizing the basic maps of1:100million geological map of province,1:100million magmatic rocks map of province,1:100million geological structure map of province,1:1400million soil texture map of China,1:100million quaternary geological map of China, etc.And then1:200million highway geotechnical types map of province and1:200million resources investigation division map of province are compiled according to the principles, methods and index system of region division.Finally, by using the platform of ArcGIS and the SQL Server database, the provincial highway building material resources database is developed and established on C#+ArcGIS Engine+ArcSDE with the topological structure, analysis function, graphics and non-graphics processing capability based on the investigation datum in Guang dong and the ecological environment impact evaluation system for exploiting highway building materials and the regional resources division. Even it can provide comprehensive and concrete and reliable and detail elemental datum and intelligent decision for relevant departments. Meanwhile, the provincial highway building material resources GIS is developed which can quickly check material type, reserves, traffic condition, position, name, material porperties, price and so on and can realize the check and comprehensive decision to highway building material resources.By studying on comprehensive utilization technology of provincial hightway building materials on CIS,All these, the certain promotion have arrived to popularize to comprehensive exploiting and utilizing technology of provincial hightway building material resources.更多还原