【作者】 杨中华；

【导师】 邓军；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 资源产业经济， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 我国矿产资源中,伴生矿产所占比重较大,综合利用价值较高。近年来,随着我国工业化、城镇化的加速发展,资源需求持续增长,资源供需缺口不断增大,发展循环经济,实现资源综合利用成为必然趋势。铝土矿是我国重要的大宗矿产之一,其伴生资源丰富。本论文以地质学、数学和循环经济学为理论依据,对山西铝土矿分布规律、矿体结构、矿石特征、伴生矿产资源类型与分布规律和开发利用现状深入研究,并对山西铝土矿开发利用提出了开发建议。山西铝土矿自北向南分布在河东、宁武—静乐、五台天和、阳泉、霍西、沁源、晋城和豫西成矿盆地中。论文基于含铝岩系层序地层、矿床地质以及数理统计等研究,揭示了矿体-矿石特征和矿体参数,建立了吨位-品位模型。矿体主体呈层状、似层状和透镜状产出。矿石结构以隐晶质结构、碎屑结构和豆鲕粒结构为主。矿石主要组成矿物包括硬水铝石、高岭石、伊利石、锐钛矿、赤铁矿等。含铝岩系层序特征研究揭示出山西铝土矿中共生有丰富的粘土矿、铁矾土和铁矿。粘土矿与铝土矿通常赋存于含铝岩系上部,铁矾土和铁矿通常赋存于含铝岩系底部。基于典型矿床元素地球化学特征分析和大量数理统计工作,论文探索了铝(粘)土矿中Fe、Ti、Ga、V、Li、Sc、Nb、REE等元素分布规律和可能的开发利用价值。其中,元素Ga、Li、Fe、Co和Ni在粘土矿中相对富集,而Nb、Zr、Ti、REE、Th和U在铝土矿中更富集。含铝岩系中Fe、Ti、Ga和REE均达到伴生矿床工业回收指标要求,具有可观的利用前景。论文基于本次研究成果,结合山西铝土矿资源特点和开发利用现状,总结出山西铝土矿开采利用中主要存在的问题包括基础储量比例低、共伴生资源综合利用程度低、采富弃贫现象突出、缺乏统一规划和勘探深度浅;对要做好山西铝土矿综合开采利用,提出以下建议:加强宏观调控和企业管理力度,保障资源基础储量,增强资源综合利用,加快科技开发研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The associated mineral resource accounts for a great proportion in our country’s mineral resources and also has a high value of comprehensive utilization. Recent years, with accelerating development of industrialization and urbanization, increasing demand of resources and enlarging between resource demand and supply, developing recycling economy and realizing the comprehensive utilization of resources become an inevitable trend. Bauxite is one of, with various associated mineral resources, important mineral resources for the industry. Based on the principles in geology, mathematics and recycling economics, this paper carried out the researches on the spatial distribution, internal structures of orebody, ore characteristics, natural types and development stratigies of associated mineral resources of the bauxite in the Shanxi province.The bauxite in Shanxi mainly distributes in, from north to south, several basins in the Hedong, Ningwu-Jingle, Wutaishan, Tianhe, Yangquan, Huoxi, Qinyuan, Jincheng and Western Henan. This paper studied the sequence stratigraphy of Al-bearing stratum and deposit geology and revealed the orebody and ore characteristics. The main ore bodies were developed in shape of layer, layer-like and lense, and ore textures were dominated by cryptocrystalline and oolitic texture. The main ore minerals include diaspore, kaolinite, illite, anatase, hematite, etc. This paper also studied the statistics of orebody parameters and established the tonnage-grade model for typical deposit.Studying on the sequence features of Al-bearing rock series revealed that the bauxite has various symbiosis mineral deposit, e.g., clay, ferric clay and iron ore. Generally clay and bauxite occur on the upper portion of aluminum-hosting rock series, ferric clay and iron ore are on the bottom. Based on geochemical characteristics analysis of typical deposit, this paper investigated the geological distribution and possible value of development and utilization of the elements, e.g., Fe, Ti, Ga, V, Li, Sc, Nb, REE, etc. Among them, the elements, like Ga, Li, Fe, Co and Ni, are more enriched in clay, and Nb, Zr, Ti, REE, Th and U are more concentrated in bauxite. The elements of Fe, Ti, Ga and REE all reach the industrial recovery standard of associated mineral resource.This paper analyzed the development and utilization status of the bauxite in Shanxi, pointed out the current problems, including low ratios of basic reserves, low degree of comprehensive utilization of associated resources, abandoning ores with low grade, imperfection of unified uitilizing planning and shallow exploration depth; To improve the Shanxi bauxite exploitation, the following suggestions were put forward: strengthening macro-controls and management of enterprise related to bauxite exploitation, securing basic reserves, enhancing the comprehensive utilizations of resources, speeding up the development of new technology for mineral processing.更多还原