【作者】 郑妮娜；

【导师】 李英民；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 砌体结构在我国广大县、镇(乡)、村中的房屋中广泛使用。增强整体性和提高抗倒塌能力是提高村镇砌体结构房屋抗震能力的关键,而能有效实现这一目的现浇构造柱技术因造价较高、对施工要求高等原因在村镇砌体结构房屋中难以推广,研究开发经济实用且抗震有效的装配式构造柱技术成为提高村镇砌体结构房屋的有效途径。论文围绕装配式构造柱技术展开的研究工作及取得的主要结论有:①装配式构造柱技术开发基于村镇建筑的投入、施工水平、管理现状等实际,研究提出了两种装配式构造柱技术,分别为芯柱式构造柱技术和预制式构造柱技术。②芯柱式构造柱约束墙体抗震性能试验研究及数值模拟完成了芯柱式构造柱约束墙体(6片)、现浇构造柱约束墙体(2片)、无约束墙体(3片)等11个试件的低周反复加载试验,对比分析了芯柱式构造柱约束墙体的破坏形态、耗能能力、变形能力及刚度退化特征。对部分芯柱式构造柱约束墙体试验进行了非线性有限元数值模拟。研究表明芯柱式构造柱可改善墙体的破坏形态,提高墙体的耗能能力和变形能力,延缓墙体的刚度退化,作用与现浇构造柱相当。③预制式构造柱约束墙体抗震性能试验研究完成了5片预制式构造柱约束墙体的低周反复加载试验,对比分析了预制式构造柱约束墙体的破坏形态、耗能能力、变形能力及刚度退化特征。试验表明预制式构造柱可提高墙体的耗能能力和变形能力,并能延缓墙体的刚度退化。④芯柱式构造柱约束砌体结构模型振动台试验完成了一栋2层芯柱式构造柱约束烧结多孔砖砌体结构的足尺比例模型振动台模拟地震试验。考察了模型结构的破坏特征、动力特性、加速度反应、位移反应、变形能力及扭转反应等特性。研究表明芯柱式构造柱可显著提高模型结构从开裂到严重破坏阶段的变形能力,可有效提高结构的整体性和抗倒塌能力。⑤装配式构造柱的构造要求建议及工程应用初步提出了芯柱式构造柱的布置及配筋等构造要求建议,进行了芯柱式构造柱及预制式构造柱1技术的工程应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Masonry structure is the most popular structural style for buildings in rural areas in China. The abilities of keeping integrality and anti-collapse of masonry structure are vital for improving the seismic behavior of masonry structure in rural areas. It is hard to promote practices of in-situ cast tie-column technology in rural masonry buildings for it is expensive and the construction is complex, etc. Fabricated tie-column technology is effective to solve the problems of in-situ cast tie-column technology and can improve the seismic behavior of rural masonry structure. The major works and findings, around fabricated tie-column technologies in this thesis, are summarized as follows:①Fabricated tie-column technologies developmentBased on the practical situation of input, construction technology and management measures, two kinds of fabricated tie-column technologies are put forward, including core-tie-column technology and precast tie-column technology.②Pseudo-static testes and numerical simulation of masonry walls restrained by core-tie-columnsPseudo-static tests of eleven wall specimens including six specimens restrained by core-tie-columns, two by in-situ cast tie-columns, and three without restraints, were carried out. The failure modes, dissipative capacities, deformation capacities and stiffness degradation behaviors of the specimens were analyzed and contrasted. Some tests of wall specimens restrained by core-tie-columns were simulated by nonlinear FEM.The research results show that, the failure modes are improved, the dissipative capacity and the deformation capacity are improved dramatically, and the stiffness degradation speed is delayed with the restraint effects of core-tie-columns. The core-tie-columns are as effective as in-situ cast tie-columns.③Pseudo-static testes study on walls constrained by precast-tie-columnsPseudo-static tests of five wall specimens restrained by precast-tie-columns were carried out. The failure modes, the dissipative capacities,deformation capacities and stiffness degradation behaviors of the specimens were analyzed and contrasted with wall restrained by in-situ cast tie-columns and without restraints.The research results show that the restraint effects of precast-tie-columns on masonry wall are effective and the walls with precast-tie-columns have better dissipative capacities and deformation capacities.④Shaking table test study of the masonry structural model restrained by core- tie-columnsThe shaking table test of a full scale two-storied masonry structural model restrained by four core-tie-columns, was carried out. The seismic behaviors, including failure mode, dynamic behavior, acceleration responses, displacement responses, deformation capacities and torsion responses etc., were investigated and distinguished. The research results show that the deformation capacity of the masonry structure from crack to serious damaged is improved significantly, the structural integrality is ensured and the collapse resistant capacity is increased with the restraints of core-tie-columns.⑤Design details and practices of fabricated tie-columnThe preliminary design details for core-tie-column technology such as arrangement and reinforcement were proposed. The core-tie-column technology and precast–tie -column 1 technology were used in practical projects.更多还原