【作者】 王继胜；

【导师】 桑恩方；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 近年来,随着海洋资源开发和民用堤坝安全检测技术的发展,对高分辨率剖面声纳的需求越来越迫切,作为水下探测的重要手段,高分辨率剖面声纳在水库、航道测淤、堤坝管涌空洞检测、海底油气管线定位、海底浅地层分层、沉船等水下掩埋物体探测等领域发挥着重要作用。同时,当前浅地层剖面声纳多为大型拖曳式探测方式,为了使得剖面声纳能够近距离探测目标区域,减小剖面声纳系统体积、重量使其搭载水下机器人等小平台可以作为水下目标探测的重要手段。本文以国家“863计划”“堤坝安全检测水下机器人”与“海底石油管线外检测”项目中两型小平台高分辨率剖面声纳系统设计与实现为主要应用背景开展的。提出了一种基于IP互连的分布式并行声纳信号处理系统,并围绕系统的设计与实现展开了一系列信号处理技术的研究工作。主要研究内容包括:并行处理系统的性能分析研究,并行互连拓扑网络结构研究,基于交叉开关的二维环网结构研究;在上述并行处理互连网络研究的基础上,进行了多DSP节点的剖面声纳并行处理系统的设计与实现研究,提出适合该系统结构的任务并行处理策略;然后,在剖面声纳信号分析的基础上,针对线性调频脉冲压缩的影响因素、脉冲压缩的旁瓣影响问题进行了研究,提出了将组合窗与谱修正相结合的加权处理方法。最后,以所设计的两型小平台剖面声纳根据实际的验证和探测需求,分别进行了水池、水槽及外场海试等试验研究。本文在以上研究基础上,解决了小平台剖面声纳系统的以下几个方面问题:1.缩小剖面声纳系统的体积,使其能够搭载到小平台载体上进行堤坝、海底管线等目标的近距离探测与搜索。2.指出当前并行声纳信号处理系统的一些弊端,研究出新颖的适合多DSP并行处理系统的互连拓扑网络,建立一种新型声纳阵列信号并行处理系统,进而提出一种通用型声纳阵列信号处理平台结构—软件声纳。3.研究了并行处理系统中节点数据通信问题,提出了在剖面声纳并行处理系统中常用的多节点广播式数据通信协议,使其更适应于剖面声纳系统匹配滤波脉冲压缩时参考信号的统一分配。4.解决线性调频脉冲信号的脉冲压缩旁瓣对剖面声纳小目标探测的影响问题,综合各种旁瓣抑制方法进行工程实现,用已建立的剖面声纳系统进行分辨力验证试验。本文所提出的系统结构和处理算法方面的改进,只是解决了小平台剖面声纳的某些方面的问题,为了使小平台剖面声纳在水下探测、资源开发等领域广泛的应用,需要声纳硬件系统设计与软件算法开发各方面的共同努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, along with ocean resources development and public dam safety detection technology development, the high resolution profiling sonar is needed more and more urgently. As an important means that the high resolution profiling sonar on small carrier exerts important effect in the reservoir, sea-route measuring silt, dam conduits and inanition detection, seabed petroleum and natural gas pipelines orientation, sub-bottom layering, underwater buried object ect. In the meantime, current many sub-bottom profiling sonars are working in large scale dragging detection way, for making the profiling sonar approaching target district, minishing the system physical volume to make it on the underwater robot can be the main means in underwater target detection.This paper based on "Dam safety detection underwater robot" and "sea-bed petroleum pipeline outside examine" projects of the nation "863 plan" items’s two type high resolution profiling sonar systems design and realization. The paper puts forward a kind of distributed parallel processing system based on IP interconnection, and surrounds the design and realization of system to launch a series of signal processing technical research work. The main research contents include: parallel processing system performance analysis research, parallel interconnection network structure research, research based on cross switch and torus network structure. At above-mentioned parallel processing interconnection network structure research of foundation up, the profiling sonar parallel processing system of multi-DSP notes is designed and implemented. An assignment parallel processing strategy is put forward in the system. Then, At profiling sonar signal analysis of foundation up, aiming at the effect factor of the line frequency modulation pulse compression and sidelobe effect problem of pulse compression, this paper puts forward one adding weight way which combines the combination window and frequency spectrum modify. Finally we go through experiment research according to the real survey demand with the designed profiling sonar system based on small carrier.At to current profiling sonar system and sonar array signal processing system structure research of foundation up, get to need the problem for resolve as follows, and textual solution.1. Minish physical volume of the profiling sonar system, make it on underwater robot to carry on dam and sea-bed pipeline etc the close target probe into and search.2. Solve abuse of current parallel processing system of the sonar signal, study novelly suitable interconnection topology network for multi-DSP parallel processing system, build up a new parallel processing system of sonar array signal, Then put forward a kind of general sonar array signal processing system structure - software sonar.3. Solve the data communication problem of nodes in parallel processing system, especially the multi-nodes board broadcasting data communication protocol which is commonly used in the profiling sonar parallel processing system, to solve the unify distribution problem of the reference signal in match filter pulse compression .4. Solve the profiling sonar resolution problem because of line frequency modulation pulse compression’s sidelobe effect, and synthesize various sidelobe suppression methods to carry on engineering realization, use the profiling sonar system to carry on resolution verification experiment.The last chapter summarizes the main research conclusion of this dissertation, and the prospect of further research works is also projected.更多还原