【作者】 于杨；

【导师】 张贵新；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 比较教育学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 1966年美国大学治理董事会联盟(AGB),美国教育理事会(ACE),美国大学教授联合会(AAUP)联合宣发《大学治理宣言》。在《宣言》中首次把共同治理(shared governance,下文简称为共治)定义为:基于教师和行政部门双方特长的权力和决策的责任分工,它代表教师和行政人员共同工作的承诺。此后,共治理念成为美国大学内部决策权力分配的重要原则。在实践中,由于对共治理念的理解具有差异性,导致美国大学实施共治的结构和过程呈现多样性特征。在现代美国大学共治取得巨大成功的同时,也处于理念与实践两难的尴尬处境中,面临着学术自由与公共利益、民主与效率、教职贬值等方面的危机与挑战。上世纪8,90年代,治理理论的兴起,为解决身处困境中的现代美国大学共治提供了新的理论依据和方法论。在建设我国和谐社会的今天,研究现代美国大学共治理念与实践对我国构建和谐高等教育行政体制具有重要的意义与价值。本论文分为绪论、结论和六个章节。第一、二章为理论研究部分;第三、四、五章为实践研究部分;第六章为比较与启示部分。绪论部分。主要介绍本研究的问题引出、研究现状、文章思路与研究方法,并对文中涉及到的核心概念进行解读与辨析。第一章治理理论研究。本章通过治理理论的兴起、治理理论的界定、治理何以代替管理以及治理的失灵与善治等四小节,系统、深入地对治理理论进行研究与分析。第二章现代美国大学共同治理理念研究。本章通过对美国大学共治理念的形成、美国大学共治理念的价值意蕴以及大学共治理念与学术自由、大学自治、教授治校关系辨析,对大学共治理念进行历时态与共时态纵横两方面的分析。第三章现代美国大学共同治理实践之结构研究。本章从利益相关者视角出发,对现代美国大学共治如何实施权力分配、所有利益相关者如何参与大学共治决策过程进行研究。本章分为七节,分别探讨大学董事会、校长、学术评议会、教师评议会、行政职员评议会、学生评议会、校友会等在现代美国大学共治结构中的地位、权力及其相互关系。第四章现代美国大学共同治理实践之过程研究。大学共治是所有利益相关者作决策的结构和过程,因而区别于行政与管理。本章从控制、协调与激励三个方面着重介绍、研究现代美国大学共治过程中的重要法律法规与组织制度。它们是保障大学共治顺利进行的渠道。第五章现代美国大学共治危机及其发展趋势。在以上章节研究的基础上提出现代美国大学共治面临的危机与挑战,揭示其发展趋势,以及在治理理论视域下如何解决这些危机。第六章中美大学治理结构与过程比较及其启示。本章通过对中美两国大学治理结构与治理过程的比较,得出现代美国大学共治对我国大学治理建构的建议与启示。进一步说明在我国建设和谐社会、和谐高校行政体制的今天进行大学共治的必要性与巨大作用。结论,总结全文,深化主题。根据现代美国大学共治理念与实践的研究现状,结合我国大学治理的实际状况,提出我国大学治理中需正确认识与解决的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The definition of shared governance has changed slightly over time, but the commonly accepted definition is from the 1966 Statement on Government of Colleges and Universities. It identified governance as the joint efforts in the internal operations of institutions, but also characterized certain decisions as falling into the realm of different groups. This statement was jointly formulated by the American Association of University Professors (AAUP), the American Council on Education (ACE), and the Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges (AGB).Henceforth, shared governance idea has became an important principle to assign the power of decision-making in American universities. In fact, shared governance structure and process of different American universities are diverse because of different understandings to shared governance idea. When shared governance of modern American universities has made great progress, its idea and practice are in a dilemma in the same time, such as some conflicts between academic freedom and commonality benefits, democracy and efficiency, faculty depreciation. But the rising of governance theory has provided new theoretical support and methodology for solving the problems of shared governance since 1980s. Today, studying the idea and practice of modern American universities shared governance is very meaningful and important to construct and perfect harmonious higher education administration system in our country.The dissertation consists of a prolegomenon, six chapters and a conclusion. Theory studying part is introduced in Chapter One and Chapter Two; Practice studying part is studied in Chapter Three, Chapter Four and Chapter Five; Comparing and inspiring part is made in Chapter Six.In prolegomenon, the author introduces some reasons to choose this problem, studying status, studying ways and studying methods. And last the key concepts concerned are explained and distinguished.Governance theory studying is made in Chapter One. The author studies and analyses the governance theory deeply in this chapter, through four parts: the rising of governance theory, the definition of governance theory, governance how to replace management, and governance failure and good governance.Modern American universities shared governance idea is studied in Chapter Two. Formation of American universities shared governance idea, its merit and the relationship between shared governance and academic freedom, shared governance and university autonomy, shared governance and professor governing university are analyzed from two viewpoints of history and today.Structure of modern American universities shared governance practice is studied in Chapter Three. In modern American universities shared governance, the make-decision power how to be assigned and all of concerned benefit persons how to participate in the process of decision-making are studied in this chapter through the angle of concerned benefit persons. Degree, power and relationship each other of Board, President, Academic Senate, Faculty Senate, Staff Senate, Student Senate and Alumni Association in the structure of modern American universities shared governance are discussed separately in Chapter There which consist of seven sections.Process of modern American universities shared governance practice is studied in Chapter Four. Shared governance is the structure and process of make-decision for all of concerned benefit persons in American universities, and thereby differs to administration and management. Controlling, harmonizing and inspiriting are the most important three measures to safeguard shared governance in modern American universities shared governance.The crisis and its developmental trends of modern American universities shared governance are opened out in Chapter Five. Based on the studying before, author brings forward the crisis and challenges, and discovers the developmental trends of shared governance of American universities, and last discusses how to solve these problems in the visual of governance theory.Structures and processes of university governance of China and America are compared in Chapter Six, and then put forward some inspirations and suggestions for Chinese universities to construct university governance structure today. Furthermore, it is very necessary to practice shared governance idea in Chinese universities, if we want to make harmonious higher education come true.In conclusion, author concludes the whole dissertation and deepens the topic. According to the studying status of the idea and practice of modern American shared governance and combing the actual conditions of china’s university governance, author puts forward some problems need to recognize and solve now.更多还原