【作者】 李尔彬；

【导师】 蒋敏元；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 在人们拼力追求经济增长的背后,能源危机和环境恶化成为发展的瓶颈,循环经济因此浮出水面。在人们因为化石能源的枯竭而努力改变资源的利用方式时,那曾经改变地球面目并将继续影响其未来的森林开始引起人们的重视,可持续经营的目标和保护生态环境、加快经济发展、促进社会进步的三重压力,使森林必然担当起关乎人类前途命运的重任,所有这一切都要求林区必须接受构建循环经济的设想并尽快付诸实践。发展林区循环经济的重要内容就是构建林区发展循环经济的模式,同时建立必要的支撑体系。这些问题的解决是最终建立林区循环经济首要前提。本文借鉴国外相关的理论研究和社会实践,结合国内近年的研究和实践,针对我国林区的特点和要求,提出了林区发展循环经济的研究内容、思路和方法,以及具体实践的模式、支撑体系和评价方法。以可持续发展理论、生态学理论和区域经济学理论为基础,从时间维、要素维、空间维和目标维上对发展林区循环经济进行了设计。把循环经济遵循的原则与可持续发展原则相对照,探究二者的本质联系,寻找林区发展循环经济的理论根源,同时发展和丰富可持续发展理论;不但要求在物质循环上遵循生态学理论,在循环链的搭建上遵循生态学理论,而且提出在支撑体系的组织构建上也要体现生态学的思想;运用区域经济学的平衡发展理论和不平衡发展理论对林区循环经济在空间布局和发展重点上进行了设计;把以人为本理论充分运用于支撑体系建设的各个环节的设计和建设过程中。从我国生态建设、现代林业建设、林业产业建设、重大林业工程的实施以及资源型城市转型等我国林业建设的战略重点出发,研究林区发展循环经济的必要性和面临的契机。提出林区发展循环经济的时代要求、历史机遇和内在动力。认为偏僻的地理位置决定了林区发展循环经济与生俱来的艰巨性的同时,也提供了相对独立区域在操作上的方便性,更重要的是因此而产生的资源减消耗效应使林区依旧拥有相对丰富的资源,和相对“五脏俱全”的产业多样性,使林区发展循环经济具有了可行性。提出林区发展循环经济的“5+3”模式。分别从5个方向上对林区发展循环经济进行了设计:①按照不同层次(规模)设计林区发展循环经济模式;②以主导产业为中心的产业间多级生态链模式构建——生态工业园区;③以林区剩余物利用为中心的剩余物网络模式构建;④围绕资源型城市转型构建林区循环经济模式;⑤围绕东北老工业基地改造构建林区循环经济模式。分别从3个层次(规模)上对林区循环经济进行了设计:①设计以家庭(林场)为核心的小循环模式;②设计以典型企业为核心的中循环模式;③设计林区范围的大循环模式。它们彼此之间有交叉,但更有侧重点。并强调指出林区构建循环经济必须遵循“可容纳原理”。合理的健康的支撑体系建设是发展林区循环经济必不可少的要件,本文从四个方面提出支撑体系建设的内容。一是要求人们必须改变传统的观念,在发展观、资源观、价值观、消费观上进行彻底的改变。二是提高科技水平、建立健全法律制度、制定科学合理的激励政策。三是实现森林资源价格的合理回归。四是建立设计形式上的支撑,虽然在具体内容上林区循环经济的构建会有其特殊性,但生态工业园区也是在林区企业层面上实施循环经济的典型形式。由于林区发展循环经济效果的评价具有模糊性,因此本文采用模糊数学和层次分析法相结合的方式对其进行评价。针对林区实际和发展循环经济的需要,吸取专家的意见选择评价指标,进行定性和定量的评价。进而对伊春林区进行了实证分析,并给出了相应的评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the background of human being do their best to seek the growth of economy,energy crisis and enviroment deterioration become the bottleneck of development,so circular economy arise.When human being work hard to change the using way of resource because of fossil energy’s exhaustion,forest which had changed the earth and will effect its future comes into be paid highly attention.The goal of sustainable management and the three duties of protecting eco-enviroment,quickening economy development and prompting society advance, which make forest must take on the responsibility of connecting the future and the fate of human being.All of the above demand forest region accepting the idea of developing circular economy and putting it into play quickly.The important contents of developing circular economy is building the development model and the necessory supportting system in forest region.All the problems to be solved is the first premise to build circular economy in forest region in the end.Using the theory research and the society experience of foreign country for reference, combining with the research and practice of our country in recently years,directing with the characters and demand of forest region in our country,the dissertation raised up the content,the thinking way and the metholds,and the concrete practising model,supportting system and appraisal metholds of developing circular economy in forest region. On the base of sustainable development theory,econology theory and region-economics theory,reseached to develop circular econmomy in forest region from the time dimension, fators dimension and space dimension.Contrasting the pricinples of circular economy with sustainable development,researched the essentialrelation between them,found the theory origin of developing circular economy in forest region,at the same time developed’ and richened S theory.Not only follow the ecology theory in material circular and building circular chains,but also raise up to follow the thoery in organizaton building of support system.Design the space arrangement and the key development point using the balance development theory and non-balance development theory of region-economics theory.Used the theory of taking human as the foundation in all of the sectors design and all the course of support system construction.According to the key point of forestry construction strategies,such as ecology construction,modern forestry constrruction,forest industry construction,forestry key project practise and type change of resource-based city,researched the chance of developing circular economy in forest region.Raised up the demand of the times,history chance and inner motive force of developing circular economy in forest region. Thought that the remote geographical position not only making develop circular economy more difficulty but giving some convenience in the direction of operating in relative independent region.The more importance is the decrease-resource using which make forest region still has relative rich resource and varied but allover industries because of remote geogripgical position.But all of them make it feasibilty develop circular economy in forest region.Raised up“5+3”model of developing circular economy in forest region.Design the model frome 5 direction to develop circular economy in forest region:①Design the model according to different administrative level(scale) to develop circular economy in forest region;②Design the multistage ecological chain model which take the lead industry as the core between different industries——ecological industry park——to develop circular economy in forest region;③Design the model of residues network take the residues as the core to develop circular economy in forest region;④Design the model according to type change of resourcebased city to develop circular economy in forest region;⑤Design the model according to rebuilding of northeast old industry base to develop circular economy in forest region.Design the circular economy in forest region from 3 administrative level(scale):①Design the small circular model take family(forest farm)as the core;②Design the middle circular model take tapical business as the core;③Design the big circular model in the range of forest region.They have intersect each other and have special emphasis itself.And specially point out to follow the principle of“holding capacity principle”in building the circular economy in forest region.The suitable and healthy support system is the necessory factors to develop circular economy in forest region.Firstly deman the people must change the traditional modes of thought,competely change in the development view,resource view,value view,consumption view and so on.Secondly raise up the level of science and technology,build and perfect legal system,lay down scientific and suitable ecouraged policies.Thirdly embody rational returning of forest resource price.Fourthly the support embody in design form,though the content has the speciality of develop circular economy in forest region,ecological industry park is the typical form to develop circular economy at the level of forest region.Beacause the result appraisal has fuzzy characters to develop circular economy in forest region,the dissertation use fuzzy maths connect with AHP methold to appraise it.Deal with the necessory of the fact of forest region and the development of circular economy,according to the advice of expert,choise the appraisal index,and appraise it qualitatively and quatitively. Further took Yichun forest region as the example analyse the result and gived corresponding appraisal.更多还原