【作者】 曹宇宁；

【导师】 田树军；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 液压集成块被广泛应用在液压系统当中,具有结构紧凑、安装维护方便、泄漏少、振动小、利于实现典型液压系统的集成化和标准化等优点。液压集成块设计的关键在于如何获得一个最优的外部布局和内部布孔的集成方案。然而,由于液压集成块的复杂性,目前的优化设计主要致力于布局布孔方案的全局性寻优搜索上,而面向工程实践需求的设计结果校验工作仍处在初步阶段,并具有较大局限性,更未就其中的相关理论与关键技术进行深入的研究。为满足加工、制造以及应用过程中对元件布局以及管网流场动态性能的实际需求,需要针对设计结果做全方位的校验,系统地检验实用功能、性能和品质。本文结合国家自然科学基金项目,紧密联系工程实际,以完成集成块设计结果的校验为目标,深入研究集成块校验理论与关键技术,开发出集成块智能校验系统。该系统能够较准确地完成对设计结果的校验及评价,并实现了液压集成块从设计到应用的一体化过程。全面总结液压集成块设计的复杂性以及实际生产应用中对集成式液压系统的各项要求,指出,针对液压集成块设计结果的几何结构约束与性能约束校验,是集成式液压系统设计过程中的一个关键环节及需要很好解决的研究课题。在此基础上,分析优化设计过程中约束条件的多语义性,以及对产品设计知识进行数学抽象的局限性,引入广义校验的概念,并将其涵盖于产品设计的全生命周期内的全部约束校验。基于此概念,深入研究其中的相关理论及关键技术,并探索开发集成块智能校验系统。根据液压集成块智能校验系统的功能需求,运用基于功能驱动的系统规划原理,全面进行液压集成块校验系统的总体规划,并确定该集成系统的体系结构和工作流程。明确提出该系统应具备虚拟现实设计功能、管网性能校验功能、虚拟装配功能以及设计结果输出及管理功能。采用科学、合理的手段对各组成部分进行衔接与协调。在此基础上,分别针对各子系统进行功能的详细设计,分析其中涉及到的主要问题及关键技术,为具体实现液压集成块校验系统奠定基础。为准确描述液压集成块内部管网的动态特性,首先明确管网性能校验目标,继而分析了功率键合图方法和计算流体动力学(CFD)方法的优势与各自特点,基于CFD方法能够从流动机理上对呈紊流状态的局部典型流道的阻力特性进行准确数值描述这一特点,提出以功率键合图方法为基础,结合CFD方法进行液压集成块管网的建模及仿真研究的实施策略。采用模块化自动建模技术,通过自动分析管网结构,建立并求解管网数学模型,从而获得管网的动态性能响应曲线及相关指标。研究实践表明,该方法可较准确地获取管网流场的动态性能指标,并对其相关进行分析,通过探讨管网中典型结构的改进对管网系统特性的影响,最终实现将集成块结构设计与孔道网络流场性能仿真融合为一体的完整设计过程。深入了解液压集成块在工程实际中的设计经验和准则,提出应用虚拟装配技术进行集成块几何结构校验这一技术路线。采用面向对象的特征模型建立方法为虚拟装配仿真提供具有完备信息的模型支持。在采用拆卸法拟定装配顺序的基础上,提出了一种面向虚拟装配的交互式产品装配顺序规划方法;并在对装配路径规划方法进行深入分析的基础上,采用空间规划与A*搜索算法相结合的方式,形成了液压集成块虚拟装配路径规划策略。在虚拟环境中应用基于空间约束关系的坐标驱动技术进行装配过程动态仿真,并在装配过程中实施碰撞干涉检验等工作。上述理论及方法的应用,实现了集成块设计结果的几何结构准确校验,并能够得到符合工程实际的装配工艺规划结果。分析液压集成块设计和校验流程中的信息流向,设计合理的信息结构,建立了设计的全生命周期内信息流模型。根据液压集成块设计、生产过程中对设计信息的需求,以元件数据、项目数据两类数据信息和三维工程图、二维工程图两类工程图相结合的形式,对设计结果信息予以完整的表达,并进行科学的协调与管理。文中对几种工程图的实现方法进行了相应介绍。上述研究内容及成果能够全方位地展示液压集成块设计结果,同时也为液压集成块自动优化设计和智能校验提供了数据支撑。在上述设计思路和方法的支持下,基于三维参数化造型软件MDT平台,以VisualC++程序设计语言作为编译工具,以ObjectARX为MDT的二次开发工具,开发出智能校验软件原型系统,成功实现了液压集成块设计结果的自动广义校验。该软件系统主要包括:虚拟装配子系统、管网性能校验子系统以及设计结果信息输出子系统三部分。最后针对设计结果实例进行了校验,全面展示了系统的总体工作流程与具体功能实现,亦充分验证了该系统的实用性及本文方法的可行性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydraulic manifold block(HMB) is widely applied in hydraulic systems.It offers many advantages including compact structure,convenient installation and maintenance,less leakage and small vibration.It is also suitable for building typical integrated and standardized hydraulic systems.The key problem of HMB design is how to obtain an optimal integration outer spatial layout and inner connection scheme.However,due to the complexity of HMB, most works are devoted to the global searching of optimal layout and connection schemes. Works on the engineering verification of design results are still at the preliminary stage and have limits.In addition,thorough research on theory and key technologies in this field are needed.Verification is necessary to systematically check out the design results’ practical function,performance and quality in order that they can meet not only the needs of machining and manufacturing,but also the actual demands of valves layout and dynamic characteristic in pipeline networks.The paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.Combining with the practical engineering and taking the complete verification of HMB design results as the goal,further research on the theory and key technology of HMB verification has been made.A HMB intelligent verification system(HIVS) is developed.The system can verify and evaluate the design results.It also realizes the integrated process from design to application.The complexity of HMB design and various requirements of integrated hydraulic system in actual production are summarized.It is pointed out that the verification of geometric structure and performance constraints of HMB design results is one of the key links during the design process and needs to be well solved.The concept of generalized verification is introduced to solve the multi-semantics of constraint conditions in the optimum design process and the limitations of mathematical abstract on the product design knowledge. Generalized verification involves all the constraints during the whole life circle of product design.Based upon it,related theories and key technologies are researched deeply and HIVS is to be developed.According to the function requirements of HIVS,general planning is carried out based on functional driven system planning principle.The architecture and work flow of the system are determined.It clearly puts forward that the system should possess the functions of virtual reality design,performance verification of pipeline networks,virtual assembly design and results output and management.All parts are linked and harmonized by using reasonable and scientific methods.On this basis,the subsystems functions are designed in detail.The principal questions and key techniques are discussed,so that a foundation has been set up for the realization of the system.The following works aim at describing the dynamic characteristic of inner pipeline networks accurately.After expatiating on the verification target,the advantage and characteristics of Power Bond Graph(PBG) method and Computational Fluid Dynamic method(CFD) are discussed.CFD method can give accurate numerical depiction of the local typical structures in which the flows are always in turbulent state from the flow mechanism. This paper proposes the implementation strategy of combining PBG method with CFD method to study the modeling and simulation of HMB pipeline networks.An automatic modular modeling technology is used to automatically analyze the structure of pipeline networks,establish and solve the mathematical model.Accordingly,the dynamic response curves and related performance index can be attained.The research proves that this coupling method can obtain and analyze the dynamic performance of pipeline networks with fairly accuracy.The paper also explores the influence of typical structure improvements on the pipeline networks’ dynamic characteristic.In this way,the complete design process is accomplished by blending together the HMB structure design and the flow field performance simulation of pipeline networks.On the basis of deep study on the engineering design experience and criteria of HMB,a technical route using virtual assembly to fulfill structure verification is established.An object-oriented feature based modeling method is used to provide complete model information for virtual assembly simulation.Moveover,an interactive assembly sequence planning method is presented based on disassembly method.Through the analysis of assembly path planning methods,spatial planning integrated with A~* search algorithm is used on HMB.The simulation of HMB assembly is realized by using the technology of axis driving under spatial constraint in virtual environment.At the same time,some analysis works such as collision and interference checking are carried during the course of assembly.Using the theory and method mentioned above,the geometric structures verification of HMB design results can be carried out accurately.Also,assembly process planning results which can meet engineering requirements can be attained.Based on analysis of the information flow in HMB design and verification,a rational information structure is devised.An information flow model of whole life circle is also established.To satisfy the demands of design information in the process of HMB design and production,the results should be expressed completely.This paper displays the optimization design results by combining the data information with engineering drawings.The data information includes components data and project data.The engineering drawings include 3D engineering drawings and 2D engineering drawings.All the information is coordinated and organized scientifically.In the paper,the engineering drawings implementation method is introduced briefly.Above research can show the HMB design results omnidirectionally and offer data support for the automatic HMB optimizing design as well as intelligent verification.Based on the design idea and methods mentioned above,a prototype software HIVS is developed using MDT as a platform,Visual C++6.0 as compile tool and ObjectARX as a development tool.The system can verify the HMB design results automatically and successfully.It includes virtual assembly subsystem,pipeline networks performance verification subsystem and design results information output subsystem.In the end,a typical integrated HMB design result is verified by the system to show the whole work flow and detailed functions.The satisfying results have testified the practicability and validity of this system.更多还原