【作者】 侯荣国；

【导师】 王选仓；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 目前,我国高速公路的设计年限一般为20～30年,但实际使用寿命只有8～10年,甚至,有的高速公路只营运2～3年就开始出现较严重的病害。对于高速公路、城市间的重要道路,公路的维修必然造成用户的出行不便,延长用户的出行时间,增加燃油消耗,造成大量的维修费用、用户费用的浪费等问题,同时对社会也带来巨大的经济损失,从寿命周期费用分析的角度看,这无疑是不经济的。如何延长公路的使用年限,这已成为目前我国公路建设者最为关心的问题之一。本文针对高速公路设计寿命与实际使用寿命较短等问题,对目前国内外普遍关注的长寿命路面,从长寿命定义、标准到长寿命路面结构型式、水泥混凝土板块划分、结构层应力等方面进行了研究分析。本文主要进行了以下几方面的研究工作:(1)通过对相关国家长寿命路面的不同定义研究,对长寿命路面定义进行了分析,并提出复合式长寿命路面设计要求与设计标准;提出依托工程的长寿命路面结构型式。(2)对车道宽度进行研究,得出高速公路不同限速下车辆的安全行车速度;对水泥混凝土板块合理尺寸进行了研究分析,为了使车辆能够骑缝行驶,使混凝土板长期处在较低的应力水平下,提出3m×4m平面尺寸的板块划分方式,并通过荷载应力计算与温度应力计算对这种小板块划分方式的优越性进行了分析;并且结合车道宽度的研究,提出28m路基宽度上修建六车道的设计方案,即“四改六”车道方案。(3)对依托工程当地的温度情况进行调查,绘出典型不同季节的路面温度图。通过温度场、温度梯度有关理论计算复合式长寿命路面的最大温度梯度,为长寿命路面结构设计与分析提供计算依据。(4)通过有限元方法和规范方法,对复合式长寿命路面水泥混凝土层板底弯拉应力的影响因素进行了分析,得出了混凝土板厚、沥青面层厚度等因素对层底弯拉应力的影响,为路面设计提供理论支撑。(5)通过有限元分析,对层间剪应力分布情况进行了研究,分析确定了层间剪应力最大值出现位置。研究了沥青面层厚度对层间剪应力的影响效果,确定适宜复合式长寿命路面结构型式中沥青表面层的厚度。(6)根据有关应力计算分析,对复合式长寿命路面各柔性层的材料设计进行了实验研究,提出适宜的柔性层配合比设计,并对混合料设计提出新的标准。(7)分析敏感性因素对长寿命路面极限寿命预估的影响,通过有关寿命预估方法对复合式长寿命路面结构极限寿命进行预估;同时对复合式长寿命路面与功能相仿的AC、PCC路面进行了经济对比分析,比较其优劣。(8)为确保复合式长寿命路面水泥混凝土面层与沥青面层紧密结合,通过试验分析,提出了水泥混凝土表面裸化技术,并提出裸化时间与裸化深度等参数要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, the design time limit of highway is generally 20~30 years in our country, but actual service life only lasts 8~10 years, even some highway start appearing more serious damage after 2~3 years. For highway, the maintaining will bring inconvenience to customers, prolong travel time of customers, result in great waste about Maintain expenses and custome expenses, bring huge economy loss to the society in the meantime. In all the highway life span period, this is uneconomical obviously. How to prolong the usage life of highway, currently become one of the most important researches about highway in our country. This paper aims at the shortage of design life and actual life for highway, researches definition and standard about long-life pavement, analyses structure style of long-life pavement, slab division of cement concrete and the stress of structure etc.The research in this paper consists of some aspects as follows: (1) Through the reseach for the definition of long-life pavement in different countries, analyse the definition of long-life pavement, and the design requirement and standard of long-life pavement was given. At the same time, the structure style of long-life pavement for actual engineering was suggested. (2) Through the reseach about lane width, the safe drive speed of highway was gotten.The slab division of cement concrete was analyzed. In order to ensure the vehicle loads exsiting between two sides of cement concrete slab, and ensure the cement concrete slab in low stress condition, the 3m×4m slab division way was given. Through the analysis for load stress and temperature stress, the superiority of slab division way was reasearched. Combining the research of lane width, the design project for building six lanes in 28 meter basement was suggested. (3) This paper suggests the temperature condition about the area where the actual engineering exsits. The pavement temperature diagram about different typical season was given. Through the relevant theory about temperature field and temperature gradient, the maximum temperature gradient of composite long-life pavement was calculated. This provides the basis for the structure desigh and analysis. (4) Through specification way and finite element analysis, the factor that influences the curved stress of cement concrete was analyzed. This provides the theory basis for pavement design. (5) Through finite element analysis, the shear stress was calculated, and the position where maximum shear stress appens was gotten. At the same time, the influence to shear stress from the thickness of asphalt concrete was researched, and the suitable thickness of asphalt concrete about composite long-life pavement was given. (6) According to stress analysis and experiment, material design for each flexible layer of composite long-life pavement was reasearched, and the suitable mixture proportion design was give. At the same time, the standard about mixture design was suggested. (7) The influence to ideal life estimating of long-life pavement from some sensitive factor was analyzed. Through the life estimating way, the ideal life of composite long-life pavement was estimated. At the same time, the superiority of long-life pavement about the economy factor was contracted with asphalt concrete pavement and cement concrete pavement respectively. (8) In order to ensure that cement concrete pavement combines to asphalt concrete pavement closely, the surface baring technique about cement concrete was given, and baring time and baring depth requirement was suggested.更多还原