【作者】 杨志宏；

【导师】 陈万明；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 系统的功能取决于结构、要素和环境。同样要素组成的系统,如果结构发生转变,就可能引起性质完全不同的系统行为,并且涌现出不同的系统功能。高等学校作为在社会分工意义上实施高等教育的一种社会组织,是复杂的巨系统,具有系统的一般属性,其组织结构对其发挥功能和有效的运行也起着至关重要的作用。对高校组织结构问题,许多学者从不同的角度,用不同的理论和方法,进行了研究,但是目前仍缺乏对高校组织结构的系统、全面的描述(测度)和有效的测度方法,造成对高校组织结构的描述经常是零散的、局部的、直观的,优化设计也缺少科学的依据。本文运用系统科学、组织学、高等教育学、管理学的理论和方法,采用还原论与整体论、局部描述与整体描述相结合的研究路线,对高校组织结构的内涵、组织结构的测度、组织结构的特点、属性和组织结构的优化设计等4个方面,进行系统性的研究。在对高校组织内涵、产生、要素等进行分析的基础上,界定了高校组织结构、组织框架结构、组织运行结构,为高校组织结构问题研究提供了新的视角。本研究从高校组织元素的构成与描述分析入手,通过人流、物流、资金、信息流在机构与办学活动之间、机构与机构之间的交换,建立了机构之间的链接关系,构建出了整体性、系统性的高校组织模型,在此基础上,提出了基于机构、进程的高校组织框架结构、运行结构的特征量及其表达公式,确定了高校组织结构的测度方法,并对样本高校组织结构进行测度。另外,基于制度学派及其它组织理论的定性分析,基于信息熵的定量分析,对样本高校组织框架结构,战略规划、教师管理、资金管理、物资管理、本科生培养活动、研究生培养活动、科研活动运行结构以及两校总体办学活动运行结构的差异进行了判定及讨论。论文根据样本高校组织结构具有国家制度规定部分一致性,科研活动、专家机构活动、上级部门活动造成的组织结构的网络特性以及学校组织结构内含的科层性等3个共性特点,提出了由党群系统、资源配置管理系统、人才培养系统、科研系统构成,由10种关系相链接的我国国立高校组织系统构成及相互关系模型,进一步揭示了我国国立高校组织结构的特性,提出了7种高校基层学术组织的基本构成模式。本研究开创性地使用组织建模和定量测量为特点的高校组织结构研究的新方法,并通过实证研究,得出了一些关于高校组织结构有价值的观点和结论,对于丰富高校组织结构理论具有积极的作用,对于高校管理工作也具有较高的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The function of the system is determined by its structure, elements and the environment. If the structure of the same system is transformed, different systematic conducts and functions will arise consequentially. The university, as educational institution based on the social division of work and performing the social function of higher education, is a giant and complex system, holding general systemic nature as well, and it’s structure plays an indispensable role both in their function demonstration and effective operation.Many scholars have studied the university organization structure from various angles and in different methods, but till now there were few research has studied organization structure systemically, which lead to no existing base for optimizing of organizational structure.With application of theories and methods of system, organization, high pedagogy and management science, the writer, adopting the research routine of combination of revert, part and integrity description, make an systemic study on meaning, measurement, character and optimization of university’s organization structure.Based on the analysis of university organization’s meaning, appearance and elements, the writer give different definition of university organization structure, organization frame and its operation system, which offer an innovative study method in this field.Start from analysis and description of elements, through multi-exchange between human, material, capital and information flow in operation and organization, an inter-linkage has been established, as well as a whole and systemic university organization model. Accordingly, the characteristic variable and formula of organization structure are set up, the measurement method of university organization structure is then constructed too.According to the research on two different universities, the partial and overall organization structures are acquired. Based on qualitative analysis of organization and quantitative analysis of information entropy, factors such as the frame work of organization, strategy planning, material & capital, cultivation of students & graduates, research activity, difference between two universities have been evaluated and discussed. Then three common characters of universities’organization are revealed consequently, namely, they are the consistency with national regulations; the network created by scientific activities, expert organization activities and superior department activities; the scientific levels in the university organization respectively. The model of state-own university organization is propounded, which is consisted by the systems of party-mass, resource deployment and management, talent cultivation, and scientific research. This model open out characters of state-own universities’organization profoundly. Nine kinds of basic academic organization framework are propounded too.This paper initiates a brand-new way in research on university organization structure with modeling and quantitative measurement. Through demonstration analysis, some valuable quantitative and qualitative cognition come into being. So, the research in this paper could be significant both in enriching the theory of university organization structure and in practice of university management.更多还原