复方中影响麻黄功效发挥的多因素研究

【作者】 刘舟；

【导师】 邓中甲；

【作者基本信息】 成都中医药大学 ， 方剂学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 目的:以麻黄为主线,系统研究复方中影响麻黄功效发挥的多种因素;详细分析对于麻黄功效发挥的调控技巧;初步阐明麻黄常用配伍结构的作用机理;充分揭示方药共荣的基本规律。方法:以《中华医方精选辞典》为据,收集麻黄复方579首,用EXCEL建立数据库,采用归类统计的方法,探索配伍、剂量、药用部位、炮制、用法、剂型对麻黄功效发挥的影响。采用分层剖析、深度发掘等方法,分析中医药学的源流关系,归纳方药共荣的基本规律。结果:与麻黄配伍使用占据前6位的药类依次为解表药、化痰止咳平喘药、补气药、清热药、温里药、活血化瘀药;麻黄常见的配伍结构是麻黄配桂枝、麻黄配细辛、麻黄配羌活、麻黄配杏仁、麻黄配石膏、麻黄配白术、麻黄配附子等;麻黄蜜炙功擅宣肺平喘止咳,生麻黄长于解表散邪、行水消肿、通阳化滞,麻黄捣绒可使其宣肺平喘等功效更加缓和;麻黄小剂量可以通阳化滞,中剂量偏于宣肺平喘,大剂量可以行水消肿、解表散邪;麻黄根、节能固表止汗,麻黄茎能解表散邪,麻黄茎节同用兼顾解表散邪、宣肺平喘两方面功效;麻黄复方配合葱、姜、豉送服,或沐浴、盖衣被等辅助方法,有助于麻黄发汗祛邪。结论:配伍环境是影响麻黄功效发挥的关键因素;剂量、药用部位、炮制、用法、剂型等皆能对麻黄功效发挥产生不同程度的影响;麻黄在复方中的功效发挥是上述诸因素综合配置的结果;方药共荣是中医药学发展的基本规律;掌握药物功效发挥的调控能力,是中医药学提高临床疗效和促进学术传承的重要环节。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To research on various factors that can influence the efficacy of Ephedra in compound formulae.To analyze the regulating skills of fully functioning of Ephedra.To explain clearly the mechanism action of Ephedra’s compatibility structure which is commonly used.And also to reveal the basic law of "Formula and herbs co-prosperity".Methods:Firstly,collecting ephedra-containing formula from "Zhonghua Refined Prescription Dictionary".The data of 579 formulae with ephedra were inputted in Micro-Excel.Secondly,by statistical methods of classification,we discussed the effects on ephedra’s efficacy by those regulating factors,including compatibility,dosage,medicinal parts,processing,usage and dosage form.Eventually,after the detailed study on the source of herbs and Chinese medicine,the basic law of "Formula and herbs co-prosperity" were concluded.Results:The 6 leading categories of Chinese herbs are as follows:diaphoretic drugs, drugs of resolving sputum and soothing asthma,Qi-tonifying drugs,heat-clearing drugs, interior-warming drugs and drugs of activating blood circulation;The usual compatible structure of Ephedra are as follows:Ephedra with Guizhi(cinnamon twig),with Xixin (asarum),with Qianghuo(notopterygium),with Xinren(apricot kernel),with Shigao (gypsum),with Baizhu(ovate atractylodes),with Fuzi(aconite),etc.Stir-baked Ephedra has the excellent effects of dispersing Lung to arrest cough,while the raw one is good at expelling wind,reducing edema by diuresis and activating Yang to remove stagnation.Ephedra that is pounded can make its effects milder than before;Ephedra in small dose has the effects of activating Yang to remove stagnation,in middle dose is good at dispersing Lung and soothing asthma,in high dose functions as reducing edema and as expelling wind;Ephedra root and section act as arresting sweat,the stem specializes in expelling wind.However,the effects of both expelling wind and soothing asthma can be covered if the stem and section of Ephedra are applied together.Diaphoresis of Ephedra becomes more powerful if the formula with Ephedra can be administrated in accordance with scallion and ginger,or together with other aiding methods,such as bath and covering quilt,etc.Conclusion:The compatibility is the key point of all the factors influencing the efficacy exertion of Ephedra.What’s more,other factors including compatibility,dosage, medicinal parts and so on are also influential in it.Therefore,the efficacy exertion of Ephedra in compound formulae is influenced by all the factors we mentioned above."Formula and herbs co-prosperity" is the basic law in the development of TCM.To know how to regulate the efficacy exertion of herbs plays an important role in clinics and TCM education.更多还原