【作者】 曾庆伟；

【导师】 袁桂林；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 在社会加速转型的宏观背景下,包括教育系统在内的社会各个子系统都存在着不同程度的失范现象,而教育系统中的行为失范现象主要是通过校长权力行为的失范表现出来的,因为学校是教育的基本单位,而校长又是学校的法定代表人,校长的行为表现在很大程度上代表了学校。因而,校长权力行为失范现象在教育领域最具有代表性和典型性。对校长权力行为失范的研究程度将直接关系到未来学校的发展方向和学生的成长,研究意义重大,影响深远。校长权力行为失范的原因在于校长权力价值观的偏离、相关教育制度的失范以及中国式人际关系的扰乱。为了规避校长权力行为失范,有效供给相关教育制度是解决问题的根本所在。这种制度环境应既有利于学生的健康成长和教师的专业发展,又有利于校长在一种民主、和谐的管理氛围中,以自身的专业能力和道德影响力管理学校,而不是仅为了私利和职位权力领导学校。本研究以社会学家默顿关于社会冲突行为失范的理论为基础,借助文献分析和个案分析等研究方法,对校长权力行为失范问题进行了深入研究,主要内容包括以下四部分:第一章对社会学家行为失范理论进行了细致梳理。大部分社会学家把失范当作一种反常的、病态的或偏差的现象来研究,把行为失范的原因要么归结为集体意识匮乏、道德崩溃,要么归于文化目标和制度手段的不一致,还有一些社会学家从生物学和心理学的角度探讨行为失范的原因;但是,他们认为解决行为失范的途径需要建立新的价值体系和制度体系。第二章主要对校长权力行为失范进行了类型划分。从校长权力来源分析,可由职位权力、专业权力和声望等获得。不同的类型在合法性、合理性、合情性的三维视角下,就具有多样化的表现特征,建立了八种校长权力行为的类型。第三章主要从社会学的角度深入探寻了校长权力行为失范的原因所在,这就是:与校长相关的教育制度不能有效供给,校长行使权力时价值迷失和过于重视情感因素,弱化制度权威等。由此也可以看出,校长权力行为失范具有复杂的社会原因和个人原因。第四章提出了重塑激励与约束相容的校长权力行为规范机制,笔者认为这是解决问题的根本所在。首先,校长权力行为失范与校长管理制度具有互动共生关系;其次,只有建立规避校长权力行为失范的激励制度和构建对校长权力行为失范的有效监督和约束机制,才能保障校长科学有效地行使权力,并彰显自己的创新精神。本论文研究认为,构建以学校校长权力为主体,其他权力主体为辅的、多元参与的权力决策机制,以教师工会、教师教学研究会、教职工代表大会等为审议机构,实现以权力制约权力、以道德制约权力的监督和制衡机制,是适合我国当前学校教育发展的有效的校长权力运作模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the macroscopic background of the acceleration of social reforming , each social subsystem including education system has the anomie phenomenon of varying degree.Those in the education system are displayed through principals because the school is the education fundamental unit and principals also are the school legal person and principals’behaviors have represented the school to a great extent.Thus, the authority behavior anomie of principals in the education domain is the most representative and typical. The research degree on the authority behavior anomie of principalswill be directly related to the development direction of the future schools and students’growth .The research has great and profound significance.The reason of authority behavior anomie of principals lies in the loss of principals’authority values , the anomie of correlated educational system as well as the harassment of the Chinese style interpersonal relationshipIn order to dodge authority behavior anomie of principals, the effective supplies of correlated educational system is the basis to solve the problem.This system environment is both good for students’healthy growth and teachers’career development, and is good to principals’management of the schools by their own specialized ability and the moral influencein a democratic and harmonious management atmosphere, but not leads the school for the personal gain and the position authority.Based on the social conflict behavior theory by Merton,a sociologist with the aid of research techniques such as literature analysis and case analysis, this research conducts the thorough research on authority behavior anomie of principals including the following four partsThe first chapter carries on detailed analysis of behavior anomie theory by sociologists. The majority of sociologists take anomie as one kind of unusual, the morbid state or the deviation phenomenon for study, sum up the reason either as the deficient collective consciousness and the collapses of morals, or the inconsistent cultural goal and the system method. Also some sociologists explore the reason from the norm from the biology and the psychology angle, but, they think the solution is to establish the new value system and the institutional framework.The second chapter mainly carries on the type division about authority behavior anomie of principals. From the source analysis, authority of principals can be divided into three types:the position authority, the specialized authority and the prestigious authority.The different types have the diverse characteristics of performance, under the three dimensional angle of view in the validity, the rationality thus has established eight kinds of authority behavior of principals.The third chapter mainly thoroughly inquires the reason about authority behavior anomie of principals from the sociological angle, this is: the loss of principals’authority values , the anomie of correlated educational system as well as the harassment of the Chinese style interpersonal relationship.From this we also may see, the anomie has the complex social reason and individual reason.The fourth chapter proposes remoulding the pincipals’authority behavior standards mechanism with drive and restraint coexisting.The author thinks it the basis to solve the problem.First, authority behavior anomie of principals and principal management system has the interaction relations; Next, only by establishing the drive system of dodging authority behavior anomie of principals and effective supervision and restraint mechanism of authority behavior anomie of principals can can safeguard principals exercise the authority effectively, and clearly reveal their own innovative spirit.The paper believes that it is an effective principals’authority operation pattern suited to current school education development of our country to establish decision-making mechanism with the principals’authority as the main body ,other authority main body as assistance consultation and multi-dimensional participation, take the teachers’union, the teachers’teaching research board, the teaching and administrative staff representative assembly and so on as the deliberation organization and to realize the surveillance and restriction system of the authority restriction by authority and moral restriction.更多还原